心理距离对具有不同社会价值观倾向的个体的自我风险决策的影响
在PubMed上查看摘要
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。具有自我社会价值观的个人为他人承担的风险比他们自己更高,决策质量较差. 这些影响因心理距离和亲密关系而有所不同.
科学领域
- 决策科学
- 社会心理学
- 行为经济学
背景情况
- 自我与他人风险决策是一个复杂的领域,
- 情况因素和个人的个性特征,如社会价值导向 (SVO),至关重要.
- 心理距离可能会影响个人对自己和他人风险的看法.
研究的目的
- 研究心理距离对自我-其他风险决策的影响.
- 检查不同的社会价值观 (SVO) 如何调节这些影响.
- 探索自己与他人冒险的决策质量和情感反应.
主要方法
- 这三项研究涉及588名参与者.
- 使用大样本问卷和实验室实验.
- 对自己,他人,朋友和陌生人的决策进行评估.
主要成果
- 个人 (低SVO) 显示为他人承担的风险高于自我.
- 在为别人做决定时,他们表现出较低的决策质量和较弱的负面情绪.
- 在亲社会人群中没有这些影响 (高SVO).
- 心理距离扩大了自我与陌生人之间的影响,减少了自我与朋友之间的影响.
结论
- 心理上的距离会对自我-其他风险决策产生分离性影响.
- 社会价值导向显著缓解了冒险行为及其相关结果.
- 了解SVO和心理距离是解释自我-其他决策研究不一致性的关键.
相关概念视频
Deindividuation is a form of social influence on an individual’s behavior such that the individual engages in unusual or non-normal behavior while in a group setting. Why? Because in these group settings, the individual no longer sees themselves as an individual anymore, disinhibiting their behavior and personal restraint.
History
In the late 1800s, social psychologist Gustave Le Bon first posited the hypothesis that an individual’s behavior can differ between being in a crowd...
One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.
According to the self-discrepancy theory, people hold beliefs about what they’re really like—their actual self—as well as what they would ideally like to be—their ideal...
Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
Social proof is a form of persuasion based on comparison and conformity. People compare their behavior and actions to what others are doing and will change to conform to do what their peers do.
A good example of social proof is from laugh tracks on television shows. Fullery & Skeffington (1974) found that adding group laughter sounds to material increased how humorous the participants perceived that material, regardless of whether the content itself was funny or not. By adding a laugh...
What do you think is the single most influential factor in determining with whom you become friends and whom you form romantic relationships? You might be surprised to learn that the answer is simple: the people with whom you have the most contact. This most important factor is proximity. You are more likely to be friends with people you have regular contact with. For example, there are decades of research that shows that you are more likely to become friends with people who live in your dorm,...
People can go to great lengths to protect their self-image and present themselves in ways that they want others to see them. Sociologist Erving Goffman presented the idea that a person is like an actor on a stage. Calling his theory dramaturgy, Goffman believed that we use “impression management” to present ourselves to others as we hope to be perceived. Each situation is a new scene, and individuals perform different roles depending on who is present (Goffman, 1959). Think about...

