通过细胞壁破坏增强菌蛋白提取:一个有希望的替代蛋白质,比大豆蛋白更容易消化和滑
Zhitong Zhou1, Yingying Jin1, Xiaohui Wu1
1Science Center for Future Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education on Food Synthetic Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
Food chemistry
|August 30, 2025
概括
高压均质化有效提取Fusarium venenatum菌蛋白 (MP),提高其营养价值和质地. 与大豆蛋白相比,这种微生物蛋白非常适合消化不良的食物,提供更好的消化性和粘度.
科学领域:
- 食品科学
- 生物技术
- 营养问题
背景情况:
- 对替代蛋白质的日益增长的需求推动了像Fusarium venenatum mycoprotein (MP) 这样的微生物来源的研究.
- MP自然被封装在刚性细胞壁中,因此需要高效的提取方法用于营养和功能应用.
研究的目的:
- 研究高压均质化对菌蛋白 (MP) 提取及其后来的营养和功能性质的影响.
- 评估MP作为适合食症的蛋白质替代品.
主要方法:
- 使用高压同质化 (0-120 MPa) 破坏真菌细胞壁并提取细胞内蛋白质.
- 分析了蛋白质含量,可溶性,分子量分布,二次结构,氨基酸分数和体外可消化性.
- 测量了MP溶液的粘度和摩擦系数,并与大豆蛋白 (SP) 溶液进行比较.
主要成果:
- 同质化显著增加了MP蛋白含量 (47. 84%至71. 22%) 和溶解率 (5. 57%至79. 60%).
- 与SP (76. 25%) 相比,MP的必需氨基酸分数和体外消化能力有所改善.
- MP溶液表现出适合食的粘度 (类似蜜汁和蜂蜜的一致性) 和低于SP的摩擦系数.
结论:
- 高压均质化是一种有效的方法来增强MP的提取并改善其营养和功能性质.
- 菌蛋白是一种有希望的替代蛋白质来源,用于开发具有增强质地和营养的食友好型食品配方.
- 对于特殊的饮食应用,MP在消化性和质地方面比大豆蛋白具有更高的性能.
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