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植被恢复改善了废料残渣中的含量和可用性

Mengting Li¹, Xinying Sui², Xiaohong Wu³

¹National Engineering Laboratory of South China Forestry Ecological Application Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China; School of Life Science and Technology, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, 410004, China.

Journal of environmental management

|August 30, 2025

概括

采矿区的植被恢复显著改善了土壤 (P) 的可用性和含量. 最有效的提高土壤P分数和整体P可用性是Koelreuteria paniculata (KP).

科学领域:

环境科学
土壤科学
生态学

背景情况:

(P) 是植物生长的关键限制营养素.
提高土壤的P含量和可用性是降解生态系统植被恢复的关键.
在矿区恢复过程中导致土壤P变化的因素尚不清楚.

研究的目的:

调查不同植被恢复处理对矿区土壤P分数和可用性的影响.
在植被恢复过程中确定影响土壤P动态的驱动因素.
为了比较Lespedeza cuneata (LC),Juniperus chinensis (JC) 和Koelreuteria paniculata (KP) 在改善土壤P的有效性.

主要方法:

从未恢复的矿山尾矿 (S) 和用LC,JC和KP恢复的地区采集了土壤样本.
分析包括土壤P分量,生化特性和酸酶活动 (酸酸酶 - ALP,酸酸酶 - ACP).
相关性分析和部分最小平方路径建模 (PLS-PM) 用于确定驱动因素.

主要成果:

所有植被恢复处理都显著改变了土壤P分数,而不是恢复的地点.
治疗Koelreuteria paniculata (KP) 显著增加了总的无机P (Pi) 和有机P (Po) 分数.
在所有治疗方法中,可变性和中等可变性P显著增加,而KP显示出最大的增强 (分别为205%和68%).
土壤pH,土壤水含量 (SWC),ACP,ALP和泥土/粘土含量是土壤P分量的关键因素.
植被恢复改善了SWC,泥含量和ALP活动,最终提高了P的可用性.

结论:

植被的恢复,特别是Kelreuteria paniculata (KP),显著提高了矿区的土壤含量.
土壤的生理化学特性和酶活动是恢复过程中P动态的关键媒介.
植物种类的选择是成功生态恢复和改善开采土地土壤肥沃性的关键因素.

关键词:

尾矿的可用性分数土壤的物理化学特性植物恢复

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