欧洲十大足球联赛的相对年龄影响
Mücahit Işık1, Mehmet Yavuz2, Osman Dişçeken2
1Department of Coaching Education, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Nevşehir Hacı Bektaş Veli University, Nevsehir, Orcid, Turkey. isik.mucahit.isik@gmail.com.tr.
BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation
|August 30, 2025
概括
在欧洲顶级足球联赛中,相对年龄效应 (RAE) 仍然存在,在Q1出生的球员占比过高. 这种效应存在于所有位置,尤其是守门员,并且因联盟而异.
科学领域:
- 运动科学
- 人类运动科学
- 体育心理学
背景情况:
- 相对年龄效应 (RAE) 已经在欧洲足协联盟 (UEFA) 的顶级联赛中被发现.
- 这种影响在2016-2017赛季的后卫和中场球员中尤为明显.
- 这项研究调查了RAE在当代职业足球中的持续性和细微差别.
研究的目的:
- 检查2023-2024赛季欧足联十大职业足球联赛中相对年龄效应 (RAE) 的持续性.
- 根据球员的位置 (守门员,后卫,中场,前) 分析RAE的变化.
- 探索不同欧洲联赛的RAE的特定变化.
主要方法:
- 分析了5238名职业足球运动员的出生日期和位置.
- 将出生日期分为四个四分位数 (Q1-Q4),以评估RAE.
- 详细研究RAE的位置和各个联赛.
主要成果:
- 在第一季度 (一月至三月) 出生的球员比第四季度 (十月至十二月) 出生的球员多得多 (30.3%).
- 在大多数分析的联赛中,RAE在统计学上显著,像英超联赛这样的显著例外.
- 在所有比赛位置观察到RAE,其中门将表现最为明显.
结论:
- 在欧足联顶级联赛中,相对年龄的影响仍然是职业足球的重要因素.
- 在所有球员的位置上都存在RAE,
- 联盟特定的背景影响RAE的表现和强度.
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