代谢疾病中的循环RNA
Luisa Sophie Rajcsanyi1,2,3, Triinu Peters4,5,6, Anke Hinney4,5,6
1Section of Molecular Genetics in Mental Disorders, LVR University Hospital, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany. luisa.rajcsanyi@uni-due.de.
Advances in experimental medicine and biology
|August 31, 2025
概括
循环RNAs是肥胖,NAFLD和糖尿病等新兴代谢疾病的调节者. 这篇综述强调了它们在代谢综合征发病过程中的作用,为疾病机制提供了新的见解.
科学领域:
- 分子生物学
- 遗传学
- 内分泌学
背景情况:
- 包括肥胖,代谢综合征 (MetS),非酒精性脂肪肝 (NAFLD) 和糖尿病 (DM) 在内的代谢疾病的全球流行率不断上升.
- 这些代谢疾病的潜在致病机制尚不完全理解.
- 新出现的证据表明,循环RNAs (circRNAs) 在代谢疾病机制中起着调节作用.
研究的目的:
- 审查和突出circRNAs在代谢疾病的发病作用.
- 特别关注涉及代谢综合征 (MetS) 的circRNAs,这是一个研究有限的领域.
- 巩固目前关于肥胖,NAFLD和DM病变的知识.
主要方法:
- 对研究circRNAs在代谢疾病中的作用的文献综述.
- 专注于肥胖,NAFLD,DM和MetS的研究分析.
- 综合发现以突出circRNAs在疾病发病的相关性.
主要成果:
- 多项研究表明circRNAs参与肥胖,NAFLD和DM的发病.
- 越来越多的证据表明circRNAs是这些代谢条件的关键调节者.
- 特别针对MetS的circRNA的研究较少,但表明具有重要意义.
结论:
- 循环RNA越来越多地被认为是代谢疾病发展的关键调节剂.
- 需要对circRNA进行进一步的研究,特别是在MetS的背景下.
- 了解circRNA功能可能为代谢障碍提供新的治疗点.
相关概念视频
Types of RNA
64.8K
Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
64.8K
RNA Editing
9.2K
RNA editing is a post-transcriptional modification where a precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) nucleotide sequence is changed by base insertion, deletion, or modification. The extent of RNA editing varies from a few hundred bases, in mitochondrial DNA of trypanosomes, to a just single base, in nuclear genes of mammals. Even a single base change in the pre-mRNA can convert a codon for one amino acid into the codon for another amino acid or a stop codon. This type of re-coding can significantly affect the...
9.2K
Riboswitches
8.5K
Riboswitches are non-coding mRNA domains that regulate the transcription and translation of downstream genes without the help of proteins. Riboswitches bind directly to a metabolite and can form unique stem-loop or hairpin structures in response to the amount of the metabolite present. They have two distinct regions – a metabolite-binding aptamer and an expression platform.
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
The aptamer has high specificity for a particular metabolite which allows riboswitches to specifically regulate...
8.5K
Translation
15.5K
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are...
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Proteins are...
15.5K
Translational Regulation
91
Translational regulation in prokaryotes ensures efficient protein synthesis by controlling ribosome access to mRNA. This regulation is mediated by secondary RNA structures, including translational riboswitches, RNA thermometers, and small RNAs (sRNAs), which respond to intracellular and environmental signals to modulate gene expression.Translational RiboswitchesRiboswitches in the leader region of mRNAs can regulate translation by altering the accessibility of the Shine-Dalgarno (SD) sequence,...
91
Transcriptional Regulation: Riboswitches
113
Riboswitches are RNA elements that regulate gene expression by altering their secondary structures in response to specific effector molecules. These elements, located in the leader regions of certain mRNAs, act as transcriptional regulators by toggling between alternative conformations to control downstream gene expression. Riboswitch-mediated regulation is a precise mechanism for modulating biosynthetic pathways, as exemplified by the riboflavin biosynthesis pathway in Bacillus...
113


