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Every normal cell or tissue is embedded in a complex local environment called stroma, consisting of different cell types, a basal membrane, and blood vessels. As normal cells mutate and develop into cancer cells, their local environment also changes to allow cancer progression. The tumor microenvironment (TME) consists of a complex cellular matrix of stromal cells and the developing tumor. The cross-talk between cancer cells and surrounding stromal cells is critical to disrupt normal tissue...
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Osteoclasts are cells responsible for bone resorption and remodeling. They originate from hematopoietic progenitor cells present in the bone marrow. Numerous progenitor cells fuse to form multinucleated cells, each with 10-20 nuclei. A single osteoclast has a diameter of 150 to 200 µM. These cells have ruffled borders that break down the underlying bone tissue and release minerals such as calcium into the blood in bone resorption. Osteoclasts cling to bones with their ruffled edges during...
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Metastasis is the spread of cancer cells from the original site to distant locations in the body. Cancer cells can spread via blood vessels (hematogenous) as well as lymph vessels in the body.
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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
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Mitogens and their receptors play a crucial role in controlling the progression of the cell cycle. However, the loss of mitogenic control over cell division leads to tumor formation. Therefore, mitogens and mitogen receptors play an important role in cancer research. For instance, the epidermal growth factor (EGF) - a type of mitogen and its transmembrane receptor (EGFR), decides the fate of the cell's proliferation. When EGF binds to EGFR, a member of the ErbB family of tyrosine kinase...
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相关实验视频

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骨质细胞在骨转移中:瘤微环境中的关键参与者和治疗点

Lingxiao Jin1, Zhenxuan Shao1, Zhaoming Ye1

  • 1Orthopedic Oncology Services, Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310009, China; Orthopedic Research Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, China; Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, China; Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310009, China.

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骨质细胞通过影响瘤细胞的吸引力,休眠状态和外生长,在骨转移中发挥关键作用. 针对骨质细胞相互作用为骨癌治疗提供了新的策略.

关键词:
骨头转移微观环境骨质细胞

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科学领域:

  • 癌症学
  • 细胞生物学
  • 癌症转移

背景情况:

  • 骨质细胞是骨代谢的关键调节者,并且越来越多地被认为是骨瘤微环境 (TME) 中的重要参与者.
  • 它们在促进骨转移的具体作用尚不完全理解.
  • 现有研究表明骨质细胞对瘤发育的各个阶段有显著影响.

研究的目的:

  • 阐明骨质细胞在组织骨转移中的多方面的作用.
  • 详细介绍骨质细胞和瘤细胞之间的特定阶段相互作用.
  • 探索针对骨质细胞与瘤细胞交流的治疗策略.

主要方法:

  • 对骨质转移中的骨质细胞功能的最新研究的综述.
  • 参与骨质细胞与瘤细胞相互作用的分子信号通路的分析 (例如CXCL12/CXCR4,TGFβ2,BMP7,N-cadherin).
  • 检查骨质细胞对免疫细胞活性和巨细胞在TME中的偏离的影响.

主要成果:

  • 骨质细胞吸引瘤细胞,重塑位,并在早期殖民和休眠期间促进治疗耐药性.
  • 它们通过代谢合和mTOR激活驱动转移.
  • 骨质细胞通过抑制抗瘤免疫力和促进免疫逃避来调节TME.

结论:

  • 骨质母细胞通过直接和间接机制是骨转移进展的中心调节者.
  • 瘤产生的信号重新编程骨质细胞以支持瘤生长.
  • 针对骨质细胞介导的途径为骨癌提供了有前途的治疗途径.