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印度喀拉拉邦的一种以人口为基础的治疗先天性心脏病方法
Sreehari M Nair1, Peter S Hesslein2, Bistra Zheleva3
1Health Services, Kerala, India.
Pediatrics
|August 31, 2025
概括
在印度,Hridyam计划改善了先天性心脏病 (CHD) 护理,减少了婴儿死亡率和手术死亡率. 然而,最近招生人数下降给这一重要的公共卫生计划带来了挑战.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生
- 心脏病学
- 卫生信息学
背景情况:
- 遗传性心脏病 (CHD) 是婴儿死亡的主要原因,特别是在资源较低的环境中.
- 由于基础设施和人力资源的局限,
- 为了应对这些挑战,2017年在印度喀拉拉邦成立了Hridyam项目.
研究的目的:
- 了解基于人口的Hridyam计划的影响.
- 评估该计划在解决心血管疾病护理方面的差距和不平等方面的有效性.
- 评估婴儿死亡率和手术结果的变化.
主要方法:
- 医院使用实时的虚拟注册和护理协调系统.
- 该系统在整个护理过程中跟踪心血管疾病病例, 识别和解决缺陷.
- 在全州实施产前和新生儿心脏病查.
主要成果:
- 在2017年至2024年期间发生了超过22,000起登记,其中32.6%需要程序.
- 到2022年,婴儿手术 (大部分为30天以下) 占61.8%.
- 婴儿心脏手术的住院死亡率从3.8% (Hridyam前) 降至2.0% (2018-2020),而喀拉拉的婴儿死亡率从2016年到2022年减少了一半.
结论:
- 使用IT和查的基于人口的策略提高了心血管疾病的治疗机会,并降低了婴儿死亡率.
- 希里迪亚姆计划在改善心血管疾病的结果和公平性方面取得了成功.
- 最近新入学人数的下降凸显了持续的挑战和持续努力的必要性.
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