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评估半干旱城市的热环境变化:印度普奈的案例研究
Labani Saha1, Avdhut Patil1, Amit Dhorde2
1Department of Geography, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411007, India.
Environmental monitoring and assessment
|September 1, 2025
概括
普奈的城市化在2005年至2020年间显著增加了建筑面积,减少了自然土地覆盖面. 这种变化导致了陆地表面温度 (LST) 的显著变化,影响了城市的热环境.
科学领域:
- 城市气候学
- 遥感技术
- 环境科学
背景情况:
- 快速的城市化带来了包容性,安全性,弹性和可持续性城市的挑战.
- 了解城市扩张对当地热环境的影响对于有效的城市规划至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 首次使用多时间数据绘制印度当地气候区 (LCZ).
- 评估普奈在过去二十年 (2005-2020年) 的空间和时间上的城市增长.
- 分析城市扩张对城市热环境的影响,特别是土地表面温度 (LST).
主要方法:
- 使用多时间卫星数据绘制LCZ.
- 分析了土地覆盖面的变化,重点是建筑和自然区域的转型.
- 不同类型和土地覆盖变化的LST量化变化.
主要成果:
- 2005年至2020年期间,普奈的城市扩张率从31%增加到68.3%,自然土地覆盖率从69%减少到31.7%.
- 土地表面温度 (LST) 显示出显著的变化:白天下降0.2°C/年,夜间上升0.1°C/年.
- 自然荒地转化为建筑区,特别是工业区,导致LST大幅增加 (白天高达0.8°C/年).
- 干燥的河床也显示了LST的增加,而种植计划显示了降温效应.
结论:
- 在LST的变化很大程度上取决于LCZ的类型及其土地覆盖面的变化.
- 普奈的边缘地区正在经历快速和显著的热变化.
- 这些发现对城市政策和可持续城市规划具有重要意义.
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