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在阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停中量化神经肌肉和压力力学:使用气道壁加速的新计算流体力学方法

Qiwei Xiao¹, Alister Bates²

¹Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States.

Journal of biomechanical engineering

|September 1, 2025

概括

这项研究引入了一种使用呼吸道壁加速在计算流体动力学的新方法来分析阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停 (OSA) 动力学. 这种方法有助于区分被动性崩和活性神经肌肉运动,有助于OSA的表型.

科学领域:

生物医学工程
呼吸系统医学
医学成像

背景情况:

阻塞性呼吸暂停 (OSA) 涉及睡眠期间不断出现的上呼吸道崩.
呼吸道崩是空气动力学力量,神经肌肉活动和组织特性复杂相互作用的结果.
目前对OSA病理生理学中的呼吸道壁动态的理解有限.

研究的目的:

引入和验证一种用于分析OSA呼吸道壁的新方法.
将基于加速的指标纳入计算流体动力学 (CFD) 模拟.
通过分析压力加速关系,更好地了解呼吸道崩的病理生理学.

主要方法:

一名患有OSA的患者接受了磁共振成像 (MRI) 检查呼吸道解剖和静止下运动捕捉.
从MRI数据创建了一个虚拟的气道模型,并使用动态电影序列进行动画.
用规定的壁运动进行CFD模拟,计算气流压力和气道壁加速.

主要成果:

压力加速度分析显示, 软,舌头和上有明显的力量失衡,
呼吸道崩在吸入之前的负压峰值,表明神经肌肉激活不足.
在整个呼吸周期内,非线性压力加速度关系表明了内部气道力量的动态变化.

结论:

在CFD模拟中使用气道壁加速的新方法被证明用于评估OSA的气道壁动态.
对压力加速度关系的分析有效地区分了被动崩和活跃的神经肌肉运动.
这种方法使得OSA患者的表型更精确,并有可能进行个性化治疗计划.

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