眼科人体工程学的综述:更聪明的工作
Jim Shenchu Xie1, Hargun Kaur2, Adrien Lusterio3
1Department of Ophthalmology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
American journal of ophthalmology
|September 1, 2025
概括
眼科医生面临着与工作相关的肌肉骨疾病 (WMSDs) 的高风险. 这一审查巩固了诸如人体工程学设备和培训等策略,以减轻WMSD风险和预防终结职业生涯的伤害.
科学领域:
- 眼科 眼科
- 工程学
- 职业健康问题
背景情况:
- 眼科医生中因长时间尬的工作姿势而出现的肌肉骨疾病很常见.
- 这些疾病会导致严重的残疾,
研究的目的:
- 审查和巩固已公布的用于减轻眼科中WMSD风险的工程学优化策略.
- 为眼科医生提供实用资源和未来研究的基础.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (Medline,Embase,CENTRAL,Scopus,CINAHL,Web of Science) 进行了系统的文献搜索,从开始到2023年6月.
- 包括的研究评估了与人体工程学有关的眼科结果,包括初级研究,二级研究和会议摘要.
- 确定文章的参考列表进行了手动搜索,以获取其他相关文献.
主要成果:
- 该审查确定了33项流行病学研究,36项干预研究和25篇二次研究文章.
- 与减少WMSD风险相关的因素包括人体工程学设备设计,工作空间优化,改善个人工作姿势和增强体力.
- 在光灯和操作显微镜前方的头部姿势是WMSD的主要原因.
结论:
- 已公布的WMSD预防策略包括使用人体工程学设计的显微镜,预防伤害的教育,保持身体健康,并采用人体工程学建议.
- 目前文献中存在的缺陷包括关于战略有效性的证据,正式的最佳实践指导方针和特定子专业的建议.
- 提出一个基于证据的框架来改善人体工程学和减少眼科医生,实习生和机构的WMSD.
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