在阿尔茨海默病中的神经纤维光链
Neeraj Kumar Fuloria1, Mahendran Sekar2, Omji Porwal3
1Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong, Kedah 08100, Malaysia.
Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry
|September 1, 2025
概括
神经纤维光链 (NfL) 是阿尔茨海默病的一个有价值的生物标志物. 较高的NfL水平表明神经轴损伤,有助于诊断,预后和监测疾病的进展.
科学领域:
- 神经学
- 生物标志物研究
- 神经退行性疾病
背景情况:
- 神经丝轻链 (NfL) 是神经轴损伤的敏感指标.
- 在阿尔茨海默病 (AD) 中,NfL 的临床相关性越来越大.
研究的目的:
- 评估NfL在阿尔茨海默病中的诊断和预后效用.
- 评估NfL在风险分层,疾病监测和差异诊断中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在AD不同阶段的血液 (血/血清) 和脑脊液 (CSF) 中分析NfL度
- 对NfL水平的纵向评估和与认知衰退 (MMSE/CDR) 和大脑缩的相关性.
- 单独和与其他标志物 (例如,总tau) 结合的NfL诊断性能 (AUC) 的评估.
主要成果:
- 与对照组相比,在阿尔茨海默病患者中观察到高NfL度 (1. 7 - 1.8 倍),具有强烈的血 - 中枢神经液相关性 (r=0. 78).
- 预症状转换者显示血清NfL较高 (约20%),并且基线NfL预测进展的准确性约为80%.
- 较高的NfL水平与预发性和痴呆阶段更快的认知衰退和大脑缩相关 (r=0.6-0.8).
- 当与总tau (AUC ≈0.95) 结合时,NfL显示出痴呆症的高诊断精度 (AUC>0.95) 并有助于区分AD和FTD.
结论:
- NfL是一种强大的AD诊断,预后和监测生物标志物.
- NfL有助于风险分层,并可用于临床试验丰富.
- 测试和报告 (折叠变化,AUC,相关性) 的标准化对于广泛采用至关重要.
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