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轻度膝关节关节炎患者的三维步态生物力学

Jing Pan¹, Zhonghao Xie², Huifang Shen¹

¹Department of Sports Medicine, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou, 510000, China.

Scientific reports

|September 1, 2025

概括

早期的膝关节关节炎会改变步态生物力学和肌肉活化. 轻微的KOA患者表现出更宽的脚步和减少的关节运动,突出显示了改善稳定性和减缓疾病进展的早期干预的必要性.

科学领域:

生物医学工程
整形医学
运动学

背景情况:

膝关节关节炎 (KOA) 是一种常见的退行性关节疾病,在老年人中引起疼痛和功能障碍.
早期KOA (Kellgren-Lawrence等级I-II) 的步行生物力学尚未得到充分理解,这限制了早期检测和干预策略.

研究的目的:

与健康对照组相比,研究轻度单侧KOA患者的三维步态生物力学和肌肉激活的差异.
确定早期检测的潜在生物标志物,并为KOA提供有针对性的干预措施.

主要方法:

招募了24名轻度KOA患者 (55- 70岁) 和12名年龄/性别匹配的健康对照.
使用3D运动捕获和力板进行步态分析 (时空,动力学,动力学).
使用表面电肌图 (sEMG) 来测量肌肉激活水平和发病时间.

主要成果:

轻微的KOA患者表现出明显更长的步行周期和更宽的步幅,步行速度相似.
在KOA患者中观察到膝盖和脚运动范围的减少,较低的峰值关节角速度和关节瞬间的改变.
发现了明显的肌肉激活模式,包括关节和中部腹肌激活的减少,以及关节和腿筋肌肉的时间改变.

结论:

即使在轻度阶段,KOA也与步态生物力学和神经肌肉控制的显著改变有关.
早期步态评估和有针对性的干预措施对于改善动态稳定性和潜在地减轻KOA的进展至关重要.

关键词:

步态分析美国动力学动力学三维生物力学一个 sEMG

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