南非黑人使用呼吸器的头部和面部尺寸
Jeanneth Manganyi1,2, David Rees1,2, Lisa M Brosseau3
1National Institute for Occupational Health, a Division of National Health Laboratory Service, 25 Hospital Street, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Annals of work exposures and health
|September 2, 2025
概括
黑人南非呼吸器使用者的面部尺寸与美国和中国人口有很大不同. 这表明目前的呼吸器可能不合适,可能使南非黑人工人不受空气危害的保护.
科学领域:
- 职业健康问题
- 人类测量学
- 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 许多南非工人依靠呼吸器来保护自己免受空气中的危害.
- 现有的呼吸器设计通常基于非南非人群的人体数据.
- 南非黑人使用呼吸器缺乏特定的头部和面部人体测量数据,这阻碍了适当的呼吸器的开发.
研究的目的:
- 建立南非黑人呼吸器使用者的头部和面部人体数据库.
- 将这些尺寸与用于呼吸器适应性测试的现有国际数据库进行比较.
- 为了更好地保护这一群体,为呼吸器的设计和选择提供信息.
主要方法:
- 在高省的693名南非黑人呼吸器使用者中进行了一项描述性和分析性的横截面研究.
- 根据美国国家职业安全与健康研究所 (NIOSH) 的建议,测量了13个面部尺寸.
- 使用传统的人类测量工具,包括测量带和尺,并使用学生的t测试分析数据.
主要成果:
- 黑人南非男性和女性的面部尺寸与中国和美国呼吸器使用者的面部尺寸之间存在统计学上显著的差异.
- 最大的差异是在头周,子周和最小的额头宽度.
- 面部宽度和鼻子突出是与美国NIOSH 2007适合测试小组相比唯一没有显著差异的尺寸.
结论:
- 黑人南非呼吸器使用者的面部人类学与美国和中国人群不同.
- 使用当前的国际适合性测试板设计和测试的呼吸器可能无法适应南非黑人.
- 由于设计尺寸不合适,可能会损害南非大量工人的呼吸系统保护.
相关概念视频
Oxygen Delivering System I: Nasal Cannula and Face Mask
582
The human body requires oxygen to function, and when the natural process of respiration is hindered, external devices, including the following, are needed to help deliver this vital gas.
Nasal Cannula
A nasal cannula is a lightweight tube split at one end into two prongs and placed in the nostrils. It is typically used to deliver low to medium levels of oxygen.
Suggested flow rate: The suggested flow rate for a nasal cannula typically ranges between 1 and 6 L/min.
Oxygen percentage setting:...
Nasal Cannula
A nasal cannula is a lightweight tube split at one end into two prongs and placed in the nostrils. It is typically used to deliver low to medium levels of oxygen.
Suggested flow rate: The suggested flow rate for a nasal cannula typically ranges between 1 and 6 L/min.
Oxygen percentage setting:...
582
Respiratory Capacities
884
Respiratory capacities are crucial indicators of lung function, representing the maximum amount of air an individual's respiratory system can handle during various breathing phases.
One key metric is the Inspiratory Capacity (IC), which represents the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled with full effort. IC is calculated by summing the tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume, typically ranging from 2.4 to 3.6 liters.
The Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) represents the air in the...
One key metric is the Inspiratory Capacity (IC), which represents the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled with full effort. IC is calculated by summing the tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume, typically ranging from 2.4 to 3.6 liters.
The Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) represents the air in the...
884
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation II: ACLS Airway Management
88
Airway management is a key skill in emergency and critical care settings, as maintaining a clear airway is essential for adequate oxygenation and ventilation.Head Tilt-Chin Lift TechniqueThe head tilt-chin lift maneuver is an essential technique primarily used in patients without suspected cervical spine injuries. To perform this maneuver, one hand is placed on the patient’s forehead, and gentle pressure is applied backward to tilt the head. The fingertips of the other hand are positioned...
88
Assessment of Airway, Skin Color, and Use of Accessory Muscles
1.1K
A thorough assessment of respiratory health is paramount in clinical settings to identify and manage respiratory distress and ensure adequate oxygenation. This article elaborates on the critical aspects of respiratory evaluation, including airway assessment, skin color examination, and the observation of accessory muscle use, which are integral to effectively diagnosing and managing patients with respiratory conditions.
Introduction
The initial evaluation of a patient's respiratory system...
Introduction
The initial evaluation of a patient's respiratory system...
1.1K
Administering Oxygen by Mask
742
Administering Oxygen by Mask
Administering oxygen by mask is a common nursing intervention that provides supplemental oxygen to patients with respiratory distress or chronic lung conditions. This procedure involves delivering oxygen at a specified rate through a face mask connected to an oxygen source.
Equipment
The equipment necessary for this procedure includes:
Administering oxygen by mask is a common nursing intervention that provides supplemental oxygen to patients with respiratory distress or chronic lung conditions. This procedure involves delivering oxygen at a specified rate through a face mask connected to an oxygen source.
Equipment
The equipment necessary for this procedure includes:
742
PPE Use in Healthcare Settings I: Donning
1.3K
Donning PPE must be completed before contact with the patient. This process protects from infectious agents. The sequence and action included in each donning are critical, and the steps must be systematic to avoid exposure to pathogens. The institutional policy also needs to be followed while donning PPE. The pre-donning preparations are gathering equipment, inspecting the PPE equipment for tears, holes, or damage, removing jewelry, removing any garments below the elbows, and tying the hair...
1.3K


