心理健康问题的遗传倾向与学业成绩之间的关联:使用两个基于人口的队列的发展视角
Marie-Pier Larose1,2, Isabel Schuurmans3,4, Edward D Barker5
1Department of Psychology and Speech Therapy, INVEST Research Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines
|September 2, 2025
概括
对外化 (EXT) 和神经发育 (NDD) 问题的遗传倾向与通过注意力和行为问题降低学业成就有关. 早期对注意力问题的支持和青少年行为问题的干预对于学业成功至关重要.
科学领域:
- 行为遗传学
- 发展心理学
- 教育心理学
背景情况:
- 攻击性,注意力不集中和冲动性会对学业产生负面影响.
- 外化 (EXT) 和神经发育 (NDD) 问题是这些行为的核心,并且具有强烈的遗传影响.
- 了解导致学业成绩的遗传途径对于有针对性的干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 检查对EXT和NDD问题的遗传倾向如何影响学业成就.
- 研究心理健康症状在这种关系中的调解作用.
- 在儿童和青少年时期分析这些机制.
主要方法:
- 在R世代研究 (N=2,992) 和ALSPAC (N=5,099) 的数据上使用结构方程建模.
- 对EXT和NDD问题 (PGS-EXT,PGS-NDD) 的多基因分数进行了分析,以确定它们与学业成绩的关联.
- 通过儿童和青少年症状的间接途径 (行为,注意力,社会,反对性挑问题) 被测试.
主要成果:
- 通过增加注意力问题,更高的PGS-NDD与较低的学业成绩有关.
- 在青春期,较高的PGS- NDD和PGS- EXT与较低的学业成绩通过较高的行为问题有关.
- 这些关联是独立于教育程度的遗传倾向观察到的.
结论:
- 影响EXT和NDD问题的遗传因素间接影响学业成绩.
- 持续支持有注意力障碍的儿童至关重要.
- 建议针对行为问题进行干预,特别是在青少年时期,以改善学业成果.
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