机构外科学:DIY生物学家对科学实践和空间的民主化
1Department of Sociology, University of Cambridge, Free School Lane, Cambridge, CB2 3RF UK.
BioSocieties
|September 2, 2025
概括
在传统实验室之外进行科学实验. 这种"非机构科学"挑战规范,并促进分散的,社区驱动的创新.
科学领域:
- 生物技术
- 公民科学
- 科学社会学
背景情况:
- DIY生物学涉及个人和社区在传统的学术或工业环境之外进行科学研究.
- 这种运动利用车库,厨房和社区中心等空间进行实验.
- 这些实践包括基因编辑 (CRISPR),培养生物发光植物和工程真菌.
研究的目的:
- 定义和描述DIY生物学运动为"非机构科学".
- 探索DIY生物学如何挑战已建立的科学规范,权威和专有结构.
- 了解从事DIY生物学的人的动机和实践.
主要方法:
- 这项研究利用了与DIY生物学家的采访的经验数据.
- 使用了2021年DIY生物社区调查的结果.
- 开发了"机构外科学"的理论框架.
主要成果:
- 生物DIY代表了与传统研究环境的显著不同,促进了分散的创新.
- 参与者通常具有科学培训,但独立于机构的约束.
- 该运动挑战了科学中的传统层次结构,资金模式和知识产权制度.
结论:
- DIY生物学为科学研究和创新提供了替代途径,强调社区和可访问性.
- 它重新定义了科学实践和知识生产的界限.
- 这一运动强调了科学参与的灵活性和不断变化的性质,
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