认知储备破坏了白物质过度强度导致的认知衰退
Arthur P Hamilton1, Kaiah N Sotebeer2, John G Grundy2
1Carleton University, Department of Cognitive Science.
medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences
|September 2, 2025
概括
白质高强度会破坏大脑连接,影响老年人的认知能力. 认知储备可以抵消这些负面影响,尽管WMH引起了网络中断,但仍能保持认知.
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 老年学
- 医学成像
背景情况:
- 之前对白质强度过高 (WMH) 和认知衰退的研究主要评估了整体损伤负担.
- 一个新的损伤量化工具包 (LQT) 能够测量由WMH引起的局部连接中断.
研究的目的:
- 应用LQT来评估WMH引起的局部连接性障碍对健康衰老中的认知功能的影响.
- 研究与WMH相关的网络中断,认知障碍和认知储备之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 使用了三组现有的老年人MRI数据集 (N=259).
- 使用损伤量化工具包 (LQT) 来量化由WMH引起的大脑连接的局部干扰.
- 应用部分最小平方路径建模来分析连接破坏,认知表现,年龄和认知储备之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 证实了连接障碍与认知能力下降之间的显著关联.
- 在具有详细认知储备措施的数据集中,较高的认知储备与更好的认知表现有关.
- 研究结果表明认知储备可以减轻WMH的不良认知影响.
结论:
- 老年人认知能力下降的关键因素之一是WMH造成的局部连接障碍.
- 认知储备在维持认知功能方面发挥着至关重要的作用,因为它有可能缓冲与WMH相关的大脑变化的影响.
- LQT提供了一种更精细的方法来理解认知衰老的神经生物学基础.
更多相关视频
06:58Highlighting and Reducing the Impact of Negative Aging Stereotypes During Older Adults' Cognitive Testing
Published on: January 24, 2020
7.4K
12:50Lesion Explorer: A Video-guided, Standardized Protocol for Accurate and Reliable MRI-derived Volumetrics in Alzheimer's Disease and Normal Elderly
Published on: April 14, 2014
40.3K
相关概念视频
01:30Cognitive Development During Adulthood
255
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
255
01:27Language and Cognition
438
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
438
01:30Cognitive Enhancers: Cholinesterase Inhibitors and NMDA Receptor Antagonists
206
Cognitive enhancers, also known as "smart drugs," are substances used to enhance memory, mental alertness, and concentration. These can be natural or synthetic and improve cognition in conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases. Some common examples include caffeine, amphetamines, methylphenidate, modafinil, arecoline, donepezil, vortioxetine, and piracetam. These enhancers work on the principle of synaptic plasticity and altered circuit function.
206
01:23Role of Neurotransmitters in Memory
964
Neurotransmitters are integral to the brain's communication system, enabling neurons to transmit signals across synapses. This chemical exchange underpins various cognitive functions, including memory processes. The role of neurotransmitters in memory is multifaceted, influencing the encoding, consolidation, and retrieval of memories through their action on different neural circuits.
Glutamate and Synaptic Plasticity
Glutamate, the brain's main excitatory neurotransmitter, is...
Glutamate and Synaptic Plasticity
Glutamate, the brain's main excitatory neurotransmitter, is...
964
01:14Role of Cerebellum and Prefrontal Cortex in Memory
570
The cerebellum, while traditionally associated with motor control, also plays a crucial role in memory, particularly in procedural memory, which involves learning motor tasks that become automatic through repetition. For example, studies have shown that when the cerebellum is damaged, individuals or animals lose the ability to learn conditioned motor responses, such as the conditioned eye-blink response in classical conditioning experiments with rabbits. This study demonstrates the...
570
01:24Working Memory
444
Working memory refers to a combination of components, including short-term memory and attention, that allow an individual to hold information temporarily as we perform cognitive tasks. It is an essential cognitive function that enables the execution of complex tasks such as problem-solving, comprehension, and reasoning. Unlike short-term memory, which simply involves the storage of information for a brief period, working memory involves the active manipulation and processing of this...
444