扩大埃塞俄比亚盐化计划的成本包括多种微量营养素
Katherine P Adams1, Dawd Gashu2, Elias Asfaw Zegeye3,4
1Department of Nutrition, Institute for Global Nutrition, University of California, Davis, CA, United States.
Current developments in nutrition
|September 2, 2025
概括
在埃塞俄比亚用叶酸,维生素B-12和增强盐是可行的. 费用各不相同,多微量营养素的强化需要预混合,这大大增加了人均价格.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生营养
- 食品的强化
- 预防微量营养素缺乏
背景情况:
- 盐是一种几乎普遍消费的主食,通过微量营养素强化对公共健康产生重大影响.
- 技术的进步使得盐可以增添以外的多种微量营养素.
- 修改盐标准需要仔细考虑潜在的影响和利益相关者的成本.
研究的目的:
- 估计埃塞俄比亚盐化计划的总和增量成本.
- 用叶酸 (双),叶酸和维生素B-12 (三) 或叶酸,维生素B-12和 (四) 增强盐的成本.
主要方法:
- 基于活动的成本模型被开发出来,用于估计10年 (2024-2033) 的强化成本.
- 通过采访工业,政府和非政府组织的埃塞俄比亚利益相关者来确定模型假设和参数.
主要成果:
- 现在的盐化每人每年花费大约210万美元.
- 扩展到双强化 (+叶酸) 增加了每人每年约250万美元的成本.
- 三倍和四倍的强化 (需要预混合) 显著增加了人均每年约18-1900万美元的成本,预混合成本占总量的约90%.
结论:
- 修改埃塞俄比亚盐化标准以增加微量营养素需要对成本和可负担性进行彻底评估.
- 提出的成本估计可以补充多微量营养素增强盐在减少缺陷方面的有效性.
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