高强度间歇训练对中年雄性小鼠的身体和认知功能的影响
Justin C Stephenson1, Tuan D Tran2, Ted G Graber1,3,4,5
1Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University (ECU), Greenville, NC, United States.
Frontiers in aging
|September 2, 2025
概括
高强度间歇训练 (HIIT) 改善了中年老鼠的有氧能力,但没有显著影响认知功能或身体组成. 这表明,当与年龄相关的衰退尚未明显时,HIIT可能效果较差.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学
- 老龄化研究
- 神经科学
背景情况:
- 年龄增长会导致身体和认知功能下降.
- 运动是抵消与年龄相关的衰退的一种已知的干预措施.
- 高强度间歇训练对中年人群的影响还没有得到充分研究.
研究的目的:
- 评估3个月HIIT对中年老鼠的身体和认知表现的影响.
- 在这个年龄组中比较HIIT效应与静坐对照 (SED).
- 测试运动可以预防与年龄相关的功能衰退的假设.
主要方法:
- 使用综合功能评估电池 (CFAB) 进行身体功能评估.
- 用测试来评估认知表现, 例如开放场地,新型物体识别,Y迷宫和拼图盒.
- 包括通过MRI和脚曲器扭矩测量进行的身体组成分析.
主要成果:
- 在SED小鼠中,HIIT显著提高了有氧能力,增加了28%的跑步机时间,而SED小鼠下降了41. 4%.
- 两组之间没有观察到整体认知功能的显著差异.
- 在这个中年人群中,HIIT对身体构成的影响微不足道.
结论:
- 中年老鼠 (17个月) 可能没有显著的认知恶化,这可能解释了运动效果有限.
- HIIT对身体和认知功能的影响低于预期,可能是由于该年龄组的功能稳定.
- 未来的研究应该在表现出更明显的认知衰退的老鼠中探索HIIT的影响.
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