气候变化对呼吸系统的影响:一个全面的回顾
Jacqueline R Lewy1, Amani N Karim1, Christian L Lokotola2
1University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
The journal of climate change and health
|September 2, 2025
概括
气候变化对呼吸系统健康构成越来越大的威胁, 医疗保健系统需要适应,但对经济和基础设施影响的研究仍然有限.
科学领域:
- 环境健康
- 公共卫生
- 呼吸系统医学
背景情况:
- 化石燃料燃烧和气候变化对全球呼吸系统健康构成重大威胁.
- 医疗保健系统需要提高应对气候变化带来的健康挑战的能力.
- 这一范围审查审查了气候变化对呼吸系统护理的当前影响,并确定了研究重点.
研究的目的:
- 对气候变化对呼吸系统健康影响的文献进行全面的范围审查.
- 确定影响呼吸系统健康的气候和天气暴露.
- 突出目前关于医疗保健系统弹性和适应策略的研究缺陷.
主要方法:
- 在多个数据库 (Medline,Embase,Scopus,Cochrane Library,Lens.org,Google Scholar) 进行了系统的科学和灰色文献搜索,截至2023年7月28日.
- 机构网站也被审查以收集相关信息.
- 文章的选择是基于它们对气候变化对呼吸系统的影响的相关性.
主要成果:
- 在最初的1207篇文章中,有67篇被认定为相关文章,其中大部分 (74.6%) 在2020年至2023年之间发表.
- 极端热量 (46.3%),颗粒物 (32.8%) 和野火 (28.4%) 是最常被研究的暴露因素.
- 呼吸系统住院 (49.3%) 和急诊 (35.8%) 是主要研究结果,对远程医疗,设施能源和药品供应的研究有限.
结论:
- 预计气候变化将增加与呼吸相关的急诊室访问和住院.
- 需要对气候变化对呼吸系统影响的经济成本,基础设施脆弱性和供应链中断进行更多研究.
- 制定基于证据的适应策略对于加强对抗气候变化和极端天气事件的呼吸系统至关重要.
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