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相关概念视频

Primary Production01:06

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The total amount of energy acquired by primary producers in an ecosystem is called gross primary production (GPP). However, of this energy, producers use some for metabolic processes, and some is lost as heat, decreasing the amount of energy available to the next trophic level. The remaining usable amount of energy is called the net primary productivity (NPP). In terrestrial ecosystems, NPP is driven by climate, while light penetration and nutrient availability drive NPP in aquatic ecosystems.
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Salt stress—which can be triggered by high salt concentrations in a plant’s environment—can significantly affect plant growth and crop production by influencing photosynthesis and the absorption of water and nutrients.
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Measurement of the Potential Rates of Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction to Ammonium Based on 14NH4+/15NH4+ Analyses via Sequential Conversion to N2O
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高盐度增加了聚乙烯微塑料引起的土壤氧化排放

Shiying Lin1, Guoling Yang2, Yanxia Zhang3

  • 1Hubei Key Laboratory of Microbial Transformation and Regulation of Biogenic Elements in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, School of Environmental Ecology and Biological Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China; State Key Laboratory of Green and Efficient Development of Phosphorus Resources, Wuhan Institute of Technology, 206 Guanggu 1st road, Wuhan 430205, China.

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微塑料和土壤盐度显著增加了氧化 (N2O) 的排放量,尤其是在较年轻的土中. 盐度增加了MP诱导的N2O排放,与土壤微生物化过程的变化有关.

关键词:
脱化亚化大米土壤塑料颗粒土壤盐度

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科学领域:

  • 环境科学
  • 土壤科学
  • 微生物学

背景情况:

  • 微塑料是新出现的土壤污染物,有可能改变生物地化学循环.
  • 土壤化是一个越来越严重的环境问题,
  • 氧化 (N2O) 是一种强大的温室气体,受土壤条件和微生物活动的影响.

研究的目的:

  • 研究聚乙烯 (PE) MPs和盐度对土N2O排放的单独和综合影响.
  • 分析MP和盐度对关键的微生物参数的影响.
  • 确定土壤耕作历史如何影响MP,盐度和N2O排放之间的相互作用.

主要方法:

  • 在不同处理PE MP和盐度的条件下,对不同种植历史的米土壤进行实验化 (3, 15, 40年).
  • 使用气相色谱测量累积的N2O排放量.
  • 使用定量PCR量化微生物基因丰富度,包括氨氧化古生物 (AOA) amoA和脱基因 (nirS).
  • 对特定细菌属的相对丰度进行分析.

主要成果:

  • 在所有种植年龄的土壤中,PE MPs显著增加了累积的N2O排放量,在较旧的土壤中增长最为显著.
  • 增加盐度在3年和15年耕种的土壤中放大了MP诱导的N2O排放量,但在40年耕种的土壤中,这种影响是可以忽略不计的.
  • 添加MP始终增加了AOA和AOA基因丰度,表明化增强. 在较年轻的土壤中,盐度会增强这种效应.
  • 在较古老的土壤中,MP增加了Azoarcus的相对丰度,并增强了nirS基因的丰度,这表明改变了脱路径.
  • N2O排放与AOA amoA,Nitrosomonas和Thermodesulfovibrio的丰度存在正相关性.

结论:

  • 土壤盐度加剧了聚乙烯微塑料 (PE MPs) 导致的氧化 (N2O) 排放,特别是在较短的种植历史的土中.
  • MPs与盐度之间的相互作用显著影响土壤循环,主要是通过化和脱过程的改变.
  • 微生物群落,特别是氨氧化古生物 (AOA),在联合MP和盐度压力下观察到的增强N2O排放中发挥着关键作用.