重塑"非人性化":人工智能和临床沟通的现实
1Uehiro Oxford Institute, Oxford University, Oxford, UK hazem.zohny@uehiro.ox.ac.uk.
Journal of medical ethics
|September 2, 2025
概括
大型语言模型 (LLM) 可以通过提供清晰,一致的信息,提高患者的理解和自主性来增强医疗沟通. 仔细整合人工智能可以实现更加公平,以患者为中心的医疗互动.
科学领域:
- 医疗信息学
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 患者沟通
背景情况:
- 目前的医疗沟通往往因术语,不一致性和时间压力而受到影响, 影响患者的理解和信任.
- 在医疗保健中对大语言模型 (LLM) 的批评有时会使用理想临床医生与有缺陷的AI进行不切实际的比较.
- 现实世界患者的经历凸显了LLM可能解决的沟通障碍.
研究的目的:
- 通过提供基于当前临床现实的反辩论来解决对LLM非人性化的医疗决策的担忧.
- 探讨LLM如何减轻家庭压力,沟通障碍以及医疗机构患者缺乏自主权等问题.
- 在人工智能整合的背景下重新评估患者与提供者关系中的同情心和信任.
主要方法:
- 这项研究提出了批判性回应和论证,分析了医疗保健中现有的LLM批评.
- 它将人工智能的理论风险与患者在当前医疗保健沟通中所面临的实际挑战进行对比.
- 通过考虑患者对人工智能同情心的评价和临床信任的多方面的证据来支持这一论点.
主要成果:
- 可以提供持续的多语言支持,减少对伴侣的依赖,并可能标明强制性动态.
- 可配置的LLM沟通可以通过使指导成为明确的选择来增强患者的自主性,而不是模两可的非语言提示.
- 患者对LLM的同情心可能与临床医生的同情心相美, 而信任往往是基于能力和清晰度.
- 这种方法可以提高对同意细节的理解,解决被遗忘的信息问题.
结论:
- 尽管存在可靠性,问责和隐私方面的挑战,但LLM整合可以改善医疗沟通.
- 精心实施的LLM提供了更公平,以患者为中心的医疗保健, 而不是侵蚀沟通质量.
- 通过提供清晰可访问的信息和加强患者的决策自主权,LLM有潜力赋予患者权力.
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