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相关概念视频

Correlations02:20

Correlations

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Correlation means that there is a relationship between two or more variables (such as ice cream consumption and crime), but this relationship does not necessarily imply cause and effect. When two variables are correlated, it simply means that as one variable changes, so does the other. We can measure correlation by calculating a statistic known as a correlation coefficient. A correlation coefficient is a number from -1 to +1 that indicates the strength and direction of the relationship between...
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Ratio Level of Measurement00:54

Ratio Level of Measurement

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The way a set of data is measured is called its level of measurement. Correct statistical procedures depend on a researcher being familiar with levels of measurement. For analysis, data are classified into four levels of measurement—nominal, ordinal, interval, and ratio.
A set of data measured using the ratio scale takes care of the ratio problem and provides complete information. Ratio scale data are like interval scale data, except they have a zero point and ratios can be calculated....
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Fundamental Attribution Error01:14

Fundamental Attribution Error

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According to some social psychologists, people tend to overemphasize internal factors as explanations—or attributions—for the behavior of other people. They tend to assume that the behavior of another person is a trait of that person, and to underestimate the power of the situation on the behavior of others. They tend to fail to recognize when the behavior of another is due to situational variables, and thus to the person’s state. This erroneous assumption is...
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Variation01:19

Variation

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An important characteristic of any set of data is the variation in the data. In some data sets, the data values are concentrated closely near the mean; in other data sets, the data values are more widely spread out from the mean. The most common measure of variation, or spread, is the standard deviation, which is the square root of variance.
When independent and dependent variables are plotted on a scatter plot, the slope of a line is a value that describes the rate of change between the two...
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Reliability and Validity01:29

Reliability and Validity

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Reliability and validity are two important considerations that must be made with any type of data collection. Reliability refers to the ability to consistently produce a given result. In the context of psychological research, this would mean that any instruments or tools used to collect data do so in consistent, reproducible ways.
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Confidence Coefficient01:24

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The confidence coefficient is also known as the confidence level or degree of confidence. It is the percent expression for the probability, 1-α, that the confidence interval contains the true population parameter assuming that the confidence interval is obtained after sufficient unbiased sampling; for example, if the CL = 90%, then in 90 out of 100 samples the interval estimate will enclose the true population parameter. Here α is the area under the curve, distributed equally under...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Sep 9, 2025

Use of Galvanic Skin Responses, Salivary Biomarkers, and Self-reports to Assess Undergraduate Student Performance During a Laboratory Exam Activity
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是否等同于委托级别? 教师授权评级的变化

Julia Adriana Kasmirski1, Martin Paul Jones1, Niranjna Swaminathan1

  • 1Department of Surgery, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alberta.

Journal of surgical education
|September 2, 2025
PubMed
概括

教师们对外科实习生"可信任的专业活动" (EPA) 的评价有所不同. 年长居民 (PGY3-5) 的信任得分比年轻居民 (PGY1-2) 高,得分变化也更大.

关键词:
进行评估基于能力的评估基于能力的教育可信任的专业活动

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科学领域:

  • 医学教育
  • 手术培训
  • 基于能力的教育

背景情况:

  • 值得信赖的专业活动 (EPAs) 框架对于评估居民在医学教育中的能力至关重要.
  • 关于在EPA框架内赋予教师信任级别的变化存在有限的数据,特别是在整体外科.

研究的目的:

  • 评估不同研究生年级 (PGY) 的普通外科住院医师的信任级别的变化.
  • 为了比较初级 (PGY1-2) 和高级 (PGY3-5) 居民的信任分数变化.

主要方法:

  • 在一年内从52个教师中收集了1108个内部EPA评估.
  • 在PGY级别内计算的EPA分数差异,不包括低于5次评估的评级者.
  • 使用Levene测试和Bonferroni校正进行变化比较,并使用线性混合模型进行平均分数比较.

主要成果:

  • 平均委托分数显著增加 (从PGY1的1.72到PGY5的3.33分).
  • 年轻居民 (PGY1-2) 实现了较低的信任水平 (1-3) 之间没有显著的差异.
  • 与年轻人相比,老年居民 (PGY3-5) 的信任范围更广 (2-4),整体信任和得分变化明显更高.

结论:

  • 在同一个PGY级别内,教师在分配EPA分数方面表现出相当大的差异.
  • 对于老年居民来说,EPA评级的变化表明操作技能的发展有所差异.
  • 研究结果强调需要在基于能力的外科培训计划中进行标准化的教师评估和反.