神经相关的巨细胞在整个生命周期中控制脂肪平衡,并抑制与年龄相关的炎症
Elsie Gonzalez-Hurtado1,2, Claire Leveau1, Keyi Li1
1Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
Nature aging
|September 2, 2025
概括
老化脂肪组织巨细胞 (ATM) 发生变化,与神经相关巨细胞 (NAM) 减少. 这种NAM消耗会加剧炎症和损害脂肪代谢,突出显示它们在与年龄相关的功能障碍中的作用.
科学领域:
- 免疫学
- 生物老龄化
- 代谢研究
背景情况:
- 年龄相关的炎症或炎症严重影响健康和寿命.
- 脂肪组织巨细胞 (ATM) 是炎症的关键调节者,但由于未知的利基身份,它们的具体作用尚不清楚.
- 了解ATM异质性对于解决与年龄相关的疾病至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在小鼠中定义居民ATM的分子特征和寿命动态.
- 研究老龄化过程中ATM群体的性别特异性变化.
- 阐明特定的ATM子集,特别是与神经相关的巨细胞 (NAMs) 在脂肪组织稳态和炎症中的功能.
主要方法:
- 血管内标记以隔离居住的ATM,不包括循环的骨髓细胞.
- 单细胞RNA测序以识别多样化的ATM种群.
- 使用多参数流细胞计进行正交验证.
- 在老鼠中对特定的ATM子集的耗尽研究.
主要成果:
- 衰老会导致ATM的性别特异性变化,包括血管相关的巨细胞的枯竭和脂质相关的巨细胞的扩张.
- 在内脏脂肪组织中出现了一种具有炎症表型的新型CD38+年龄相关巨细胞.
- 随着年龄的增长,与神经相关的巨细胞 (NAM) 富含的CD169+CD11c- ATMs的数量下降.
- 在老年小鼠中,CD169+ NAMs的耗尽加剧了炎症和脂质分解,表明了对甲醇胺的抗性.
结论:
- 神经关联的巨细胞 (NAMs) 是一个专门的ATM子集,对维持脂肪组织平衡至关重要.
- 与年龄相关的NAM下降有助于炎症增加和代谢功能受损.
- 针对NAM可能为与年龄相关的脂肪组织功能障碍和代谢疾病提供治疗策略.
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