运动干预对学龄前儿童身体健康的影响:随机对照试验和剂量反应研究的元分析
Yixin Liang1, Yong Yang2, Yuan Yuan3
1School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Changhai Rd, Yangpu District, Shanghai City, 200438, China.
BMC public health
|September 2, 2025
概括
身体活动显著提高学龄前儿童的身体健康,包括力量,灵活性和协调能力. 最佳的每周活动剂量因体能因素而异,从180到380分钟不等.
科学领域:
- 儿童运动科学
- 发展健康
- 公共卫生干预措施
背景情况:
- 幼儿园儿童的身体健康对于长期健康至关重要.
- 了解体育活动 (PA) 干预措施的影响对于儿童早期发展至关重要.
- 在这个年龄组中,需要澄清PA和PF之间的剂量反应关系.
研究的目的:
- 评估慢性体力活动对学龄前儿童体力状况的影响.
- 确定最佳的每周PA剂量,以改善特定的健身成分.
- 进行元分析和剂量反应分析.
主要方法:
- 在PubMed,Embase,Web of Science和Cochrane注册中搜索到2025年1月.
- 包括14项随机对照试验 (RCT),对3至7岁的健康儿童进行了4周以上的PA干预.
- 使用随机效应元分析和贝叶斯剂量反应模型.
主要成果:
- 助力器干预显著改善了整体PF (SMD=0. 30) 以及力量,灵活性,心呼吸能力 (CRF),协调和平衡等特定组件.
- 最佳的每周PA剂量在180分钟 (静态平衡) 到380分钟 (CRF) 之间.
- 干预的有效性因会话的频率,持续时间和计划的总长度而有所影响.
结论:
- 身体活动可以有效提高学龄前儿童的身体健康.
- 需要量身定制的抗氧化剂策略,最佳的每周剂量取决于身体状况 (180-380分钟).
- 干预设计的元素,如会话的频率和持续时间,对结果有很大影响.
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