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可植入的医疗器械,生物材料和外体反应:一个外科视角

Nikita Kalashnikov^1,2,3, Jake Barralet^1,4, Joshua Vorstenbosch^1,2,5

¹Division of Surgical and Interventional Sciences, Department of Surgery, McGill University, Montreal, Canada.

Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A

|September 3, 2025

概括

植入式医疗器械可能会引起炎症和纤维封装,这是由于身体的异物反应. 在手术期间了解和控制这种反应可以尽量减少并发症并提高设备的寿命.

科学领域:

生物材料科学
免疫学
外科创新

背景情况:

可以植入的医疗器械提高生活质量,减少死亡率.
生物材料表面引发宿主异物反应 (FBR),导致炎症和纤维封装.
不调节的FBR导致患者发病率和植入失败, 需要修复手术.

研究的目的:

审查外体对可植入医疗器械的反应机制.
研究影响FBR的因素,包括生物材料,宿主和外科变量.
为控制FBR和最大限度地减少植入物并发症提出外科手术策略.

主要方法:

对外体反应机制的文献审查.
在常见的可植入器件中影响FBR的因素分析.
对FBR的外科手术控制策略的综合.

主要成果:

异物反应涉及生物材料特性与宿主免疫反应之间的复杂相互作用.
生物材料特征,宿主生理学和手术技术显著影响FBR的严重程度.
在外科手术期间的干预可以调节FBR并改善植入物结果.

结论:

了解FBR对于设计更好的植入式医疗器械至关重要.
通过外科手术管理控制FBR可以减少与植入物相关的病率和修复手术.
未来的研究应聚焦于减轻不良FBR的有针对性的策略.

关键词:

生物材料异物反应可植入的医疗器械植入物炎症和纤维化进行手术

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