实施科学框架对极端风险保护命令的应用
Lisa B Geller1, Spencer M Cantrell1
1Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Washington, DC, USA.
概括
极端风险保护令 (ERPO) 是减少枪支暴力的重要工具. 通过使用Proctor的框架来评估它们的实施,
科学领域:
- 公共卫生
- 犯罪学
- 政策实施科学
背景情况:
- 在美国,枪支暴力仍然是一个严重的公共卫生危机.
- 极端风险保护令 (ERPO) 是基于证据的政策,
- 对于那些表现出危险行为的人来说,ERPO提供了一个法律框架,可以暂时限制枪支的使用.
研究的目的:
- 通过Proctor等评估极端风险保护命令 (ERPO) 的实施结果. 这就是为什么
- 确定不同国家ERPO实施的成功和缺陷.
- 为提高ERPO实施效率提供建议.
主要方法:
- 使用了普罗克特等人. 实施科学框架有8个组成部分 (采用,可接受性,适当性,成本,可行性,忠实性,透性,可持续性).
- 通过每个框架组件的镜头检查ERPO的实施.
- 分析了现有ERPO法律的国家有前途的做法.
主要成果:
- 通过ERPO对于实施至关重要;当立法者和公众认为可接受时,法律通常会通过.
- 作为预防枪支暴力的适当政策工具,
- 通过降低成本可以提高可行性;大多数ERPO都表现出对其使命的忠诚,并且已经透到国家基础设施中.
- 有希望的实践突出了通过专门的资金和支持来维持ERPO法律的途径.
结论:
- 在有前途的实践和全面框架的指导下,坚定地实施ERPO是成功的关键.
- 解决实施差距可以提高ERPO在制枪支暴力方面的有效性.
- 通过减少与枪支相关的伤害,成功实施ERPO有可能挽救生命.
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