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单个和多个共存的入侵物种对亚热带本土社区的影响

Jiaxin Hu¹, Taylor A Bogar^1,2, Matthew T Hamer¹

¹School of Biological Sciences The University of Hong Kong Hong Kong SAR China.

Ecology and evolution

|September 3, 2025

概括

生物入侵通过减少本地物种多样性来威胁生态系统. 同侵袭性物种的相互作用有时可以减轻负面影响,但管理对生态系统的弹性至关重要.

科学领域:

生态学
侵袭性物种的生物学
社区生态

背景情况:

生物入侵严重破坏了生态系统的稳定性和本地社区结构.
多种入侵物种及其相互作用 (共同入侵) 对当地社区的影响尚未完全理解.
了解这些动态对于有效的入侵物种管理至关重要.

研究的目的:

研究四种入侵性的入侵强度和功能特征如何影响本地社区的结构和功能.
评估单一与共同入侵的生态效应.
确定入侵物种之间的相互作用是对抗性的还是有利于塑造本地社区的.

主要方法:

在干旱和潮湿的季节中研究了香港的24个地点, 比较非入侵,单次入侵和联合入侵的场景.
评估了四种入侵性的入侵强度和功能特征: *Anoplolepis gracilipes*, *Paratrechina longicornis*, *Pheidole megacephala* 和 *Solenopsis invicta*.
对本土社区的分类学和功能多样性指数的分析影响 (例如,物种丰富度,RaoQ,FDiv).

主要成果:

一些物种的入侵强度增加显著减少了本地物种的多样性,并导致物种消失.
侵袭强度对三个侵袭物种的功能多样性指数产生了负面影响; *P.大脑* 侵袭导致几乎完全的本地物种缺失.
单次入侵显著减少了分类学和功能多样性,而联合入侵的情况显示影响较小.
同侵袭性物种之间的敌对相互作用通过功能替代部分减轻了对α多样性的负面影响,并保留了生态系统功能.

结论:

在某些条件下,共同入侵的动态可能会导致对本地社区的影响比单一入侵更轻微.
共同入侵物种之间的功能替代可以帮助维持生态系统功能, 但这种平衡是脆弱的.
预防和控制策略对于管理入侵物种和保护生态系统的弹性至关重要.

关键词:

生物入侵一起入侵功能多样性功能特征一种昆虫侵袭的强度

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