每日和季节性的人类流动会影响欧洲城市的温度暴露
Guo-Shiuan Lin1, Maider Llaguno-Munitxa2, Gabriele Manoli1
1Laboratory of Urban and Environmental Systems, School of Architecture, Civil and Environmental Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.
PloS one
|September 3, 2025
概括
人类的流动性对城市的高温和低温影响很大. 旅行增加了夏季的热量,但在冬季提供了寒冷的保护,强调了在气候适应策略中考虑人口流动的必要性.
科学领域:
- 环境健康
- 城市气候学
- 人口动态
背景情况:
- 极端温度对全球健康构成重大风险,尤其是在城市环境中.
- 城市热岛加剧了与温度相关的健康威胁.
- 目前的暴露评估往往忽视了人口的动态变化及其与城市温度的相互作用.
研究的目的:
- 量化日常和季节性人类流动对城市居民暴露在热和冷的影响.
- 分析人口密度的变化和城市变暖如何影响与温度相关的健康风险.
- 评估移动在热风险评估和适应策略中的作用.
主要方法:
- 城市气候模拟的80个欧洲城市的每月1公里人口估计 (白天/夜间).
- 使用城市特定的暴露-反应曲线和最低死亡温度作为值.
- 基于每日和季节性移动模式的热和冷暴露的计算变化.
主要成果:
- 每天通勤的城市中心增加了夏天的热量暴露平均7.8%,但提供了轻微的冬季寒冷的保护.
- 季节性人口转移通常会减少热量暴露,但在旅游目的地,夏季热量增加0.9%.
- 人类的移动模式在各种城市环境中对极端温度的暴露起着至关重要的作用.
结论:
- 人类的流动性是了解和减轻城市与热量相关的健康风险的关键因素.
- 动态的人口变化,而不仅仅是静态的住宅数据,对于准确的暴露评估至关重要.
- 确定了与流动性相关的一般暴露趋势,适用于各种欧洲城市和气候.
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