马匹和驴在詹姆斯敦的早期跨大西洋运输
William Timothy Treal Taylor1,2, Nicolas Delsol3,4, Vicky M Oelze5
1Department of Anthropology, University of Colorado-Boulder, 218 UCB, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
Science advances
|September 3, 2025
概括
詹姆斯敦的早期马匹和驴子对于殖民至关重要,在"饥饿时代"面临着激烈的加工. 分析发现它们的繁殖,运输使用,
科学领域:
- 古代动物学
- 生物考古学
- 殖民历史
背景情况:
- 在美国殖民时,马匹扮演了重要的角色.
- 历史记录记录了西班牙殖民者将马带到加勒比地区的情况.
- 弗吉尼亚州杰姆斯敦的英国殖民地是东海岸最早接收马匹的英国殖民地之一.
研究的目的:
- 分析来自早期詹姆斯敦的马遗骸.
- 了解马匹在詹姆斯敦殖民地的作用.
- 在北美早期调查马匹的起源和运动.
主要方法:
- 对养马的遗骸进行考古动物学分析.
- 马类骨的骨科研究.
- 马类遗骸的生物分子分析 (DNA).
主要成果:
- 在1609年的"饥饿时代"冬天,马匹被大量加工和消费.
- 有证据表明,马匹在运输活动中成功繁殖和使用.
- 一只成年家庭驴被发现是欧洲和西非血统的混血儿,
结论:
- 这项研究强调了在北美早期定居期间转移马的挑战.
- 这些发现强调了早期跨大西洋动物交换网络的全球连接性.
- 马的遗骸提供了关于詹姆斯敦殖民地的生存策略和资源利用的见解.
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