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脚复合体如何响应在走路时跨越骨和骨下关节的电缆驱动辅助?
概括
脚外骨可以引起意外的反转扭矩. 通过在行走过程中更自然地分配辅助扭矩, 仿生双线设计改善了步行稳定性和减少了肌肉劳动力.
科学领域:
- 生物力学
- 机器人技术
- 人与计算机的交互
背景情况:
- 带有电缆驱动的脚外骨架主要有助于脚下.
- 驱动电缆可以诱导意外的反转扭矩,影响步态和稳定性.
- 了解脚复合体对多维扭矩的反应对于外骨设计至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查脚复合体在行走时对多维辅助扭矩的反应.
- 评估不同电缆启动模式对正面平面运动和关节协调的影响.
- 将仿生扭矩分配策略与单线模式进行比较.
主要方法:
- 基于解剖学关节轴的辅助扭矩模型.
- 设计和评估一个双电缆驱动的脚外骨架.
- 在四种辅助模式 (中,中,横,生物) 中对六名健康参与者进行了跑步机行走试验.
- 记录生物机械和生理变量,包括肌肉激活 (EMG).
主要成果:
- 侧向 (Lat) 模式诱导了反转,使压力中心 (CoP) 在中间移动,并使中侧摆动减少了9%,从而提高了稳定性.
- 介质 (Med) 和中心 (Mid) 模式诱导逆转和侧向CoP转移,其中Med具有最强的效果.
- 与无助行走相比,生物模拟 (Bionic) 模式显著降低了单脚 (10%) 和脚逆变器/脚短腿 (18-22%) 的EMG.
- 生物模式最好保存脚协调模式.
结论:
- 前面平面的动态对于有效的脚外骨控制至关重要.
- 在脚外骨中仿生扭矩分布可以提高稳定性,保持关节协调,减少运动力.
- 优化扭矩分布是提高脚外骨性能和用户体验的关键.
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