肥胖中年人的关节负荷和体力活动水平之间的关系,以及身体构成的作用
Julie Rekant1, Scott Rothenberger2, Mark Redfern1
1Department of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA.
Medicine and science in sports and exercise
|September 3, 2025
概括
在中年肥胖成年人中,较高的体力活动水平 (PAL) 减少了走路时的关节负荷. 身体构成,特别是腰部与部的比例和身体脂肪的百分比,调解了这一效果,突出了体力活动对关节健康的重要性.
科学领域:
- 生物力学
- 肥胖研究
- 老年学
背景情况:
- 骨关节炎是导致残疾的主要原因,与疼痛,高医疗费用和生活质量下降有关.
- 由于关节负荷增加,肥胖增加了关节炎风险的两倍,中年人患肥胖率最高.
- 身体活动对健康至关重要,改善步态机制,影响身体组成和分布,从而影响生物机械控制.
研究的目的:
- 调查中年肥胖患者每日体力活动水平 (PAL) 与行走过程中的关节负荷之间的关系.
- 确定身体构成在PAL和关节负荷之间的调解作用.
主要方法:
- 29名中年肥胖成年人在一个有仪器的走道上进行了步态分析.
- 测量的主要关节负荷参数包括最大垂直地面反应力 (max vGRF),总立位负荷 (TL) 和负荷率 (LR).
- 使用手腕运动追踪器监测参与者的每日体育活动水平一周.
主要成果:
- 身体活动水平 (PAL) 与最大vGRF (ρ = - 0. 64) 和TL (ρ = - 0.57) 有显著的反向关联.
- 腰部至部比率 (WHR) 和身体脂肪百分比 (BFP) 被确定为独立的介导因素,分别解释了关节负荷的多达36%和31%的差异.
- 较高的PAL与步行过程中的关节负荷降低有关,身体构成起着关键的调解作用.
结论:
- 中年肥胖成年人增加的体力活动水平导致走路时关节负荷降低.
- 关节负荷和PAL之间观察到的关系在很大程度上是由WHR和BFP等身体组成指标介导的.
- 促进身体活动和监测身体构成是减轻行走期间关节负荷的重要策略, 无论减肥的努力如何.
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