向手语使用者提供公共卫生建议:与关键利益相关者进行定性研究
Ruth Rowland1, James Bailey2, Clare Thomson3
1Centre for Medical Education, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
BMJ open
|September 3, 2025
概括
由于沟通,文化和态度的障碍, 建议在文化上进行适当的聋人主导的宣传活动, 以提高认识和改善健康结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生
- 社会学
- 沟通研究
背景情况:
- 英国有超过1000万人是聋人或听力障碍者, 其中很大一部分属于不同的聋人社区.
- 聋人和听力障碍患者的健康知识和行为往往不够理想,其潜在原因需要进一步调查.
- 聋人群体,尤其是使用手语的人群,是具有特殊沟通需求的独特群体.
研究的目的:
- 探索向英国手语 (BSL) 用户传递公共卫生信息的有效性.
- 确定除了简单的翻译之外提供公共卫生信息的潜在方法.
- 了解聋人社区获取健康信息的障碍和促进因素.
主要方法:
- 一个使用现象学方法的定性研究.
- 与北爱尔兰的聋人社区成员和利益相关者进行了采访和聚焦小组.
- 数据收集分为两个阶段 (2019年1月至2019年3月和2022年9月至10月),采访以BSL或英语进行,随后进行主题分析.
主要成果:
- 16个采访和5个焦点小组涉及28名参与者 (23名女性,5名男性),年龄在23-77岁之间,使用BSL或英语.
- 确定的主要主题包括目前对公共卫生信息的认识水平,获取障碍以及改进建议.
- 一般来说,对公共卫生信息的认识很低,特别是在心理健康,抽象概念和预防性护理方面.
结论:
- 聋人社区对公共卫生信息的认识各不相同,但通常低于听力人口.
- 沟通,系统,文化和态度障碍严重阻碍获得健康信息.
- 建议包括立法改革,宣传培训和落实聋人领导的文化适当的公共卫生活动.
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