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相关概念视频

Aging01:26

Aging

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Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
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The Effect of Aging on Tissues01:19

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Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
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老化人类大脑中的单细胞转录和基因组变化

Ailsa M Jeffries1, Tianxiong Yu2, Jennifer S Ziegenfuss1

  • 1Department of Molecular, Cell and Cancer Biology, Genome Integrity Program, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.

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|September 3, 2025
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概括

细胞损伤导致衰老. 这项研究揭示了人类前额叶皮层的基因表达和基因组变化,突出显示了大脑细胞的发育和衰老动态.

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科学领域:

  • 神经科学
  • 基因组学
  • 分子生物学

背景情况:

  • 细胞损伤会随着年龄的增长而增加,
  • 人的前额叶皮质与年龄相关的变化会影响认知功能.

研究的目的:

  • 在整个生命周期中识别人类前额皮层的基因表达和基因组变化.
  • 了解人类大脑发育和衰老的转录和基因组动态.

主要方法:

  • 单核RNA测序 (snRNA-seq) 的方法
  • 单细胞全基因组测序 (scWGS)
  • 空间转录学

主要成果:

  • 确定了具有神经发育基因表达的婴儿特异性细胞群.
  • 在不同细胞类型中观察到与年龄相关的同位素基因下调.
  • 发现神经元特定基因在一生中表达稳定.
  • 检测到两种与年龄相关的突变特征与基因转录和抑制相关.
  • 揭示了神经元中的基因长度和表达依赖的体质突变率.

结论:

  • 提供关于人类大脑发育和衰老的见解.
  • 阐明了人类一生中的转录和基因组变化.
  • 将基因组变化与老年大脑的转录基因组联系起来.