印度奥迪沙州矿工多病发病率和模式:一项横截面研究
Abhinav Sinha1, Md Shaney Ali1, Mark P Funnell2,3
1ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar, India.
Frontiers in public health
|September 4, 2025
概括
印度奥迪沙州超过三分之一的矿工都患有多种疾病. 不定期炼和长时间工作增加了风险,凸显了职场健康干预的必要性.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生
- 职业健康问题
- 流行病学
背景情况:
- 多种疾病在印度是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题,因工业化,城市化和人口老龄化而加剧.
- 职业结果如压力,缺勤率和服务年限的缩减经常受到多病症的影响.
- 奥迪沙的矿业劳动力面临着严重的职业体力和精神压力,
研究的目的:
- 为了确定印度奥迪沙州矿工多病症的患病率.
- 在这个职业群体中确定与多病症相关的因素.
- 分析共同出现的慢性疾病的常见模式.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及425名矿工 (≥18岁) 的横截面研究在奥迪沙州的苏金达 (2022年1月至7月).
- 系统的随机抽样来招募参与者.
- 通过面对面的采访使用了初级保健预先验证的多病症评估问卷;采用多变量后勤回归和矩阵分析.
主要成果:
- 多发病率为37. 41%.
- 最常见的二元是酸性胃病和慢性背痛 (10.06%);最常见的三元是酸性胃病,慢性背痛和慢性胸痛 (1.89%).
- 不规则的运动 (AOR:4.66) 和31-40年的矿业服务 (AOR:8.05) 与多病症有显著联系.
结论:
- 多种疾病的高发病率凸显了针对工作场所健康政策的迫切需要.
- 干预措施应侧重于人体工程学改进,综合性慢性疾病管理和矿工定期健康检查.
- 解决运动等生活方式因素对于减轻这一群体的多病风险至关重要.
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