针对ADHD年轻人的学校社会技能干预:系统性审查和元分析
Gabriella Bussanich1, Judith R Harrison1, Corey Peltier2
1Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Journal of attention disorders
|September 4, 2025
概括
对于患有ADHD的年轻人来说,学校培训的社会技能效果总体上是微不足道的. 需要进一步的研究来完善改善这一群体社会技能的干预措施.
科学领域:
- 儿童心理学
- 发展心理学
- 教育心理学
背景情况:
- 患有ADHD的儿童和青少年在学术环境中经常面临社会技能缺陷,影响他们的生活质量.
- 基于学校的社会技能培训是一个常见的建议,但其有效性缺乏全面的综合.
- 了解这些干预措施的有效性对于帮助ADHD学生至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和对ADHD学生独立和多模式学校社会技能计划的经验证据进行元分析.
- 评估潜在的缓解变量对这些干预措施有效性的影响.
- 提供基于证据的见解,以开发更好的社会技能计划.
主要方法:
- 根据科克伦基金会和PRISMA的指导方针进行了系统审查和元分析.
- 搜索了1975年至2023年间发表的研究.
- 包括17项不同设计的研究 (单个案例,组内,组间),其中10项为元分析做出了贡献.
主要成果:
- 该审查确定了具有小到大个体效应的大小的研究.
- 对于ADHD学生的社会技能培训的总体元分析效应大小是可以忽略不计的 (ES = 0.09).
- 根据计划方法,强度,父母参与或设置,没有发现显著的缓解效应.
结论:
- 目前学校为患有ADHD的青少年提供社会技能干预措施的总体有效性有限.
- 需要持续研究和开发更有效,更定制的社会技能计划.
- 改进干预策略对于更好地支持ADHD学生的社会发展和生活质量至关重要.
更多相关视频
13:09Using Brain Activation nir-HEG/Q-EEG and Execution Measures CPTs in a ADHD Assessment Protocol
Published on: April 1, 2018
10.4K
10:02Event Related Potentials ERPs and other EEG Based Methods for Extracting Biomarkers of Brain Dysfunction: Examples from Pediatric Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD
Published on: March 12, 2020
15.9K
相关概念视频
Modeling in Therapy
145
Modeling, a key technique in therapy, uses observational learning to help clients acquire and practice new skills by watching therapists demonstrate desired behaviors. This approach, rooted in Albert Bandura's concept of vicarious learning, plays a significant role in therapeutic interventions for various psychological conditions, including social anxiety, ADHD, and depression.
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
Participant Modeling
Participant modeling involves therapists demonstrating calm and effective behaviors in...
145
Autism Spectrum Disorder
333
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
333
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
289
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
289
Operant Conditioning Intervention
110
Operant conditioning serves as a foundational principle in therapeutic interventions aimed at modifying maladaptive behaviors. Central to this approach is the notion that behaviors, both adaptive and maladaptive, are learned through reinforcement. By analyzing the environmental factors that reinforce problematic behaviors, clinicians can design interventions to weaken these reinforcements and replace maladaptive behaviors with healthier alternatives.
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
In operant conditioning, behaviors that are...
110
Community Based Intervention
94
Community-based interventions in mental health represent a paradigm shift from institution-centered care to treatments embedded within the fabric of local communities. By prioritizing inclusion and leveraging existing societal structures, this approach fosters a supportive environment conducive to addressing mental health challenges while promoting individual dignity and agency.
Foundations of Community Mental Health Programs
Central to the success of community-based interventions is the...
Foundations of Community Mental Health Programs
Central to the success of community-based interventions is the...
94
Behavior Modification
232
Behavioral approaches have often been criticized for ignoring mental processes and focusing solely on observable behavior. However, these approaches provide an optimistic perspective for individuals seeking to change their behaviors. Rather than concentrating on intrinsic personality traits, behavioral approaches suggest that even longstanding habits can be modified by changing the reward contingencies that maintain them.
A real-world application of operant conditioning principles is applied...
A real-world application of operant conditioning principles is applied...
232
