对患有酒精使用障碍或急性中毒的精神病患者的药物治疗:从观察性药物监测计划状态和2000年至2016年的变化中得出的结果
Beatrice Haack1, Johanna Engel2, Philipp Pauwels2
1University Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Brandenburg Medical School, Immanuel Klinik Rüdersdorf, 15562, Rüdersdorf, Germany. beatrice.haack@mhb-fontane.de.
Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996)
|September 4, 2025
概括
这项研究分析了10332名酒精使用障碍 (AUD) 的住院患者的精神药物使用情况. 抗抑郁药和抗精神病药的使用增加,而非基于证据的镇静剂也经常被使用,这凸显了需要更好地管理并发病症.
科学领域:
- 精神病学和药理学
- 药物安全研究
背景情况:
- 酒精使用障碍 (AUD) 是一种普遍的精神障碍,通常需要住院治疗.
- 药物治疗用于AUD戒断和解毒通常涉及镇静剂,抗药和症状触发治疗.
研究的目的:
- 调查在住院治疗AUD和急性中毒时使用心理药物.
- 分析随着时间的推移使用药物的趋势,并根据患者的特征确定变化.
主要方法:
- 分析了2000年至2016年期间接受治疗的10332名ICD-10码F10患者的数据.
- 来自精神病学药物安全计划 (AMSP) 的数据.
- 检查药物类别,包括抗抑郁药,抗精神病药,抗药和镇静剂.
主要成果:
- 抗抑郁药 (31.2%) 和抗精神病药 (29.7%) 是最常见的,其次是抗药 (26.4%) 和镇静药 (24.3%),主要是二.
- 卡巴马西平,迪亚泽帕姆,米尔塔扎和奥克萨泽帕姆经常被处方.
- 抗抑郁药和抗精神病药的使用量增加,镇静剂的使用量增加了一倍,而甲的使用量则下降.
- 尽管证据有限,但观察到非二类镇静剂 (特拉佐,米尔塔扎,奎) 的高利用率.
结论:
- 对于AUD的治疗模式因性别和并发症而异,特别是抑郁症.
- 抗抑郁药和抗精神病药的使用增加反映了治疗策略的不断变化.
- 由于证据不足,经常使用非二类镇静剂需要进一步调查.
- 在AUD治疗中更重视并发症的管理至关重要.
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