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通过生命周期评估制造200千瓦SOFC和PAFC系统的环境影响分析

Chanwoo Baek¹, Eunbi Hwang¹, Dong-Hyun Peck²

¹Ulsan Advanced Energy Technology R&D Center, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), 25 Techno Saneopro 55beon-gil, Nam-gu, Ulsan, 44776, Republic of Korea; School of Materials Science and Engineering, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro 63beon-gil, Geumjeong-gu, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea.

Journal of environmental management

|September 4, 2025

概括

固氧化燃料电池 (SOFC) 和酸燃料电池 (PAFC) 是可持续能源的关键. 这项研究表明,PAFCs对环境的影响明显高于SOFCs,尤其是在使用改性燃料时.

科学领域:

环境科学
材料科学
电化学

背景情况:

固体氧化物燃料电池和酸燃料电池对于未来的可持续能源系统至关重要.
了解材料特性和环境影响对于减轻燃料电池制造方面的挑战至关重要.
生命周期评估 (LCA) 是评估能源技术对环境的影响的一个关键工具.

研究的目的:

对200千瓦的SOFC和PAFC系统进行"摇篮到门"的环境影响评估.
将SOFC和PAFC系统的环境足迹进行比较,考虑堆,工厂平衡 (BOP) 和组装组件.
确定燃料电池技术的环境影响热点,并提出减缓措施.

主要方法:

将SOFC和PAFC系统的所有材料和制造工艺分为堆,BOP和系统组装.
从摇篮到门的生命周期评估 (LCA) 方法用于评估从原材料提取到最终系统制造的环境影响.
在SOFC和PAFC系统之间对环境影响进行比较分析,包括陆地生态毒性和人类致癌毒性.

主要成果:

PAFC系统的环境影响比SOFC系统高7.4至140倍,主要是由于使用催化剂.
在SOFC堆材料和两种燃料电池类型的特定BOP组件中发现了重大环境影响.
对于纯来说,PAFCs是环境更优的,而SOFCs在利用改造系统时具有优势.

结论:

在SOFC和PAFC之间进行选择取决于燃料来源和系统配置,以获得最佳的环境性能.
材料选择和工艺优化对于减少SOFC和PAFC技术的环境足迹至关重要.
建议对替代催化剂和材料进行进一步研究,以提高燃料电池系统的可持续性.

关键词:

环境影响生命周期评估 (LCA)制造过程材料和工艺酸燃料电池 (PAFC)固体氧化物燃料电池 (SOFC)

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