长时间的COVID和
Vanja Ivković1, Urmila Anandh2, Samira Bell3
1Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. vanja.ivkovic@gmail.com.
Nature reviews. Nephrology
|September 4, 2025
概括
长期COVID是SARS-CoV-2感染后的一种持续性疾病,可能导致慢性病 (CKD). 针对SARS-CoV-2的疫苗接种对于预防严重的COVID-19和长期的COVID,特别是在CKD患者中至关重要.
科学领域:
- 肝脏病学
- 传染性疾病
- 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 长期冠状病毒病 (COVID) 是一种复杂的疾病,影响多个器官系统,包括脏,在SARS-CoV-2感染后持续超过三个月.
- COVID-19 与急性损伤和慢性病 (CKD) 的风险增加有关,这表明CKD 是长期COVID的潜在表现.
- 以前患有CKD的患者面临严重COVID-19和长期COVID的更高风险.
研究的目的:
- 探索COVID-19对脏健康的多方面的影响,包括慢性脏疾病的发展和进展.
- 强调COVID-19,长期COVID和慢性病之间的双向关系.
- 强调SARS-CoV-2疫苗在减轻与COVID-19和长期COVID相关的风险方面的作用,特别是在易受CKD影响的人群中.
主要方法:
- 审查现有的文献和研究,调查COVID-19和长期COVID的表现.
- 分析了SARS-CoV-2感染与脏疾病,包括COVID-19相关的脏病和血管炎之间的联系.
- 对SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种对COVID-19和长期COVID发病率在一般人群和CKD患者的影响的评估.
主要成果:
- COVID-19 可能导致急性损伤,并与患慢性病 (CKD) 的风险增加有关.
- 特定的脏疾病,如缩性血球病和新发动的血管炎已与COVID-19有关.
- 接种SARS-CoV-2疫苗可以显著降低COVID-19和长期COVID的风险,为所有人提供保护,尤其是患有CKD的人.
结论:
- 慢性病 (CKD) 可能是长期COVID的重要后果,需要持续研究和监测.
- COVID-19和CKD之间的相互作用强调了对受影响患者的综合护理的重要性.
- 针对COVID-19幸存者的结构化跟踪对于了解长期COVID轨迹和识别患有CKD风险的个体至关重要.
相关概念视频
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations
86
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...
86
Chronic Kidney Disease I: Introduction
65
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) arises when the kidneys progressively lose their ability to function, ultimately leading to end-stage renal disease. At this advanced stage, the kidneys can no longer filter waste or maintain essential body functions, requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) through dialysis or a kidney transplant for survival.Early-stage chronic kidney disease and detection challengesIn CKD's early stages, symptoms often remain absent because healthy nephrons compensate for...
65
Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations
81
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
81
Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention
57
Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
57
Nephrons
3.4K
The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma...
3.4K
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction
71
Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
71


