大学生的心理健康:侧重于性别差异和心理生理指数
Yang Zhu1, Wen-Ming Liang2,3, Kai Jiang4
1School of Sports Medicine and Rehabilitation, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
BMC public health
|September 4, 2025
概括
女大学生报告的精神健康和焦虑程度低于男学生, 客观测量如心率变化 (HRV) 支持这些发现. 女性的焦虑与HRV指标的降低有关,建议进行综合评估以更好地评估.
科学领域:
- 心理学
- 生理学
- 卫生科学
背景情况:
- 心理评估是主观的;心率变量 (HRV) 提供了一个客观的,尽管复杂的,心理功能指标.
- 现有研究强调需要确认大学生心理健康的性别差异.
- 研究主观心理测量与客观HRV数据之间的相关性对于全面了解至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 通过心理尺度和HRV来验证大学生心理健康的性别差异.
- 探讨男性和女性学生心理健康指标和HRV指标之间的关系.
- 确定HRV是否可以作为这个人口群体的主观心理健康评估的客观相关值.
主要方法:
- 招募了来自江大学的240名大学生 (120名男性,120名女性,18-22岁).
- 使用沃里克 - 爱丁堡心理健康量表 (WEMWBS) 和21项抑郁,焦虑和压力量表 (DASS-21) 评估心理健康.
- 使用Polare H7心率监测器测量静止心率变量 (HRV).
主要成果:
- 与男性相比,女性学生的焦虑程度显著高 (DASS-21) 和心理健康水平较低 (WEMWBS).
- 女学生在多个指标中呈现较低的HRV,包括SDNN,RMSSD,pNN50和绝对高频 (HF) 功率.
- 女学生的焦虑分数与RMSSD,绝对HF功率和正常HF功率有负相关性.
结论:
- 女大学生表现出较低的心理健康和高焦虑程度相比男性同学, 支持主观和客观数据.
- 心率变化 (HRV) 指标,特别是RMSSD和HF功率,显示出与女性焦虑相关的客观指标的潜力.
- 将心理尺度与HRV测量相结合,可以提高女性大学生对焦虑的评估,从而提供更细致的理解.
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