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高性能单金属燃料电池催化剂来自自孔封闭纳米粒子和固定单原子

Wei Li¹, Yunyan Li², Qi Xiong³

¹Research Center for Analysis and Measurement, Faculty of Materials Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, P. R. China.

|September 5, 2025

概括

这项研究引入了一种新的单金属催化剂,用于质子交换膜燃料电池 (PEMFC),其高活性和耐久性与先进合金相美. 这一突破提升了白金催化剂的性能,

科学领域:

材料科学
电化学
催化剂

背景情况:

质子交换膜燃料电池 (PEMFC) 依赖于高效的氧降解反应 (ORR) 催化剂.
目前的金属合金 (PtM) 催化剂面临着生产一致性和金属漏的挑战.
开发强大的高性能单金属催化剂对于PEMFC的发展至关重要.

研究的目的:

设计一种具有增强ORR活性和耐久性的单金属催化剂.
克服PtM合金催化剂在PEMFC应用中的局限性.
展示单金属催化剂的先进纳米架构的潜力.

主要方法:

一个单金属催化剂的合成,其中包括自我孔封闭的纳米粒子和固定单个原子.
催化剂ORR性能的电化学特征
在加速应力条件下使用催化剂的膜电极组件 (MEA) 的耐用性测试.

主要成果:

单金属催化剂实现了高ORR活性和耐久性,与最先进的PtM合金相美.
在没有0.9ViR的情况下,MEA阴极显示了0.87A mg_Pt^{-1}的质量活性.
经过3万次方波循环,MEA仅显示了23%的质量活动下降,并在0.8 A cm^{-2}下降了16 mV的电位.

结论:

开发的单金属催化剂代表了PEMFC催化学的重大进步.
这种创新的纳米架构为传统的PtM合金提供了有希望的替代品,解决了关键的性能和稳定性问题.
这些发现为提高PEMFC效率和更广泛的采用铺平了道路.

关键词:

单金属Pt催化剂固定的Pt单原子氧降解反应质子交换膜燃料电池自孔封闭的Pt纳米粒子

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