推力极限:重负荷耐力方案和仰卧运动对胎儿福祉的急性影响
Emilie Mass Dalhaug1, Birgitte Sanda1,2, Kari Bø1,3
1Department of Sports Medicine, Norwegian School of Sports Sciences, Oslo, Norway.
BMJ open sport & exercise medicine
|September 5, 2025
概括
对于孕妇运动员来说,重负荷阻力训练,包括仰卧运动,似乎是安全的. 胎儿心率和血流指标保持在正常范围内,表明运动期间胎儿的健康没有受到损害.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学
- 产妇和胎儿医学
- 运动科学
背景情况:
- 了解怀孕期间抵抗运动的生理反应对于指导安全训练实践至关重要.
- 关于重负荷抵抗训练和仰卧运动对运动群体胎儿健康的急性影响的数据有限.
研究的目的:
- 研究重负荷阻力方案 (包括卧卧运动) 对胎儿心率 (FHR) 的急性影响.
- 评估本方案对子宫胎盘血流的影响,特别是带和子宫动脉脉动指数 (PI).
- 在怀孕的运动员中记录静脉综合征的发生率.
主要方法:
- 实验室研究涉及48名健康的孕妇运动员 (精英和休运动员).
- 参与者进行了3组8次重复,其中一个重复是相抬头,长椅压力和倾斜长椅压力.
- 在运动前和运动后测量胎儿心率 (FHR) 和带和子宫动脉脉动指数 (PI). 在仰卧运动后观察到静脉综合征.
主要成果:
- 在整个研究期间,胎儿心率 (FHR) 保持在正常范围内 (110-160bpm).
- 在相和倾斜板压后观察到FHR的显著增加,但不是板压.
- 在所有举动中,子宫动脉PI显著下降,而动脉PI没有显著变化. 在长椅压力后发生了一例过渡性胎儿心. 一名运动员在仰卧运动时报告了静脉综合征的症状.
结论:
- 高度活跃的孕妇有耐力训练经验可以安全地进行重负荷耐力训练,甚至包括仰卧运动.
- 在这群人群中,观察到的FHR和宫血流的生理变化似乎不会影响胎儿的健康.
- 进一步的研究可能会探索孕妇运动员的长期影响和最佳运动处方.
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