自闭症谱系障碍青少年的大脑形态网络变化:性别分层研究
bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology
|September 5, 2025
概括
自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 在男性和女性中显示出不同的大脑连接模式. 这些基于形态的脑网络的性别差异与自闭症的不同行为特征有关.
科学领域:
- 神经成像
- 发展神经科学
- 自闭症谱系障碍研究
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 在男性中比女性更频繁地被诊断出,但潜在的神经生物学原因尚不清楚.
- 之前的研究集中在功能和结构性大脑连接上,对基于形态的网络组织及其在自闭症中的性别特征的理解有限.
- 研究形态连接差异对于理解自闭症的性别相关变异至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的青少年中识别基于形态的脑连接的性别特异性变化.
- 探索这些性别特异性网络特征与自闭症行为特征或并发症之间的关联.
- 阐明ASD男性和女性大脑的不同组织如何导致观察到的性别差异.
主要方法:
- 使用FreeSurfer分析了337名青少年 (8-18岁;181名患有自闭症) 的T1加权MRI扫描,以提取皮质形态特征.
- 使用Kullback-Leibler分歧计算基于形态的连接性,并在性别分层模型中应用基于网络的统计数据来比较ASD和对照组.
- 探索性分析将已识别的性别特异性连接模式与行为数据和并发症相关联.
主要成果:
- 患有自闭症的男性在包括状回环,中间轨道前皮层,内皮层和副海马皮层在内的区域表现出增加的连接性,与限制性/重复性行为相关.
- 患有自闭症的女性在脑内皮层,下叶和侧皮层的连接性增加,与较差的沟通能力相关.
- 在患有自闭症的男性和女性之间观察到明显的,不重叠的连接性概况,而女性的状环显示连接性下降.
结论:
- 患有自闭症谱系障碍的男性和女性表现出独特的,不重叠的基于形态变化的大脑连接模式.
- 这些独特的神经特征与不同的行为和临床特征有关,为自闭症的性别差异提供了洞察力.
- 了解这些性别特异的神经生物学基础可以改善ASD的特征和潜在的未来干预措施.
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