在高训练负荷期间使用或不使用荷尔蒙避孕药的女性运动员对能量刺激的代谢反应
Sarah Bagot1,2, Bruno Pereira3, Elora Fournier1,2
1UPR 3533, Laboratory of the Metabolic Adaptations to Exercise under Physiological and Pathological Conditions (AME2P), Clermont Auvergne University, CRNH Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
The Journal of sports medicine and physical fitness
|September 5, 2025
概括
荷尔蒙避孕药和卵巢荷尔蒙波动会影响女性运动员在低强度运动中的能量代谢. 了解这些影响对于优化女性的训练和表现至关重要.
科学领域:
- 运动生理学
- 内分泌学
- 运动科学
背景情况:
- 了解女性运动员的能量代谢,特别是关于荷尔蒙的影响.
- 在运动科学中对女性生理学的兴趣越来越大,
研究的目的:
- 在使用或不使用荷尔蒙避孕药的女性运动员中分析基质氧化.
- 确定雌激素与孕激素比率波动对能量代谢的影响.
- 在休息,低强度运动和饭后状态期间调查能量代谢.
主要方法:
- 通过间接热量测量和双能X射线吸收测量来评估身体组成,能量消耗和基质氧化率.
- 包括32名女性运动员在高训练负荷期间.
- 使用荷尔蒙避孕药的运动员与不使用荷尔蒙避孕药的运动员进行了比较,并分析了高和低雌激素与孕激素比率的非使用者.
主要成果:
- 在休息或餐后能量代谢之间没有显著的差异.
- 使用荷尔蒙避孕药的运动员在低强度运动期间的净能量成本较高.
- 在非使用者中,较低的雌激素与孕激素比率与较高的碳水化合物和较低的脂质氧化相关.
结论:
- 在女性运动员的低强度运动中,内源性和外源性卵巢激素会影响能量代谢.
- 荷尔蒙避孕药和月经周期阶段 (雌激素与孕激素的比率) 影响基质利用率.
- 这些发现强调了女性运动员能量代谢研究中考虑荷尔蒙状况的重要性.
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