在接受查的人群中,患肺癌和死亡的潜在风险的比较
M Patricia Rivera1, Thad Benefield2, Danielle D Durham2
1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Rochester University Medical Center, Rochester, NY; Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY.
Chest
|September 5, 2025
概括
与试验参与者相比,接受肺癌查 (LCS) 的人患肺癌和死亡的风险更高. 这凸显了在不同人群中仔细监测LCS的必要性.
科学领域:
- 肺病学
- 癌症学
- 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 肺癌查 (LCS) 试验的参与者通常比普通人群更健康.
- 参与者特征的差异可能会影响LCS的有效性和风险.
- 了解这些差异对于现实世界LCS应用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在登记处接受LCS的个体和大型LCS试验的参与者之间比较患肺癌和死亡的风险.
- 评估符合LCS条件的现实人口是否与试验群体有显著差异.
主要方法:
- 使用了来自北卡罗来纳州肺部查注册 (NCLSR),行为风险因素监测系统 (BRFSS) 肺癌查模块和国家肺部查试验 (NLST) 的数据.
- 如果没有查,肺癌发病率和死亡率的估计5年.
- 使用科恩的D,对注册人群 (NCLSR,BRFSS) 和试验参与者 (NLST) 的风险指标进行比较.
主要成果:
- 与NLST参与者相比,注册人群 (NCLSR,BRFSS) 年龄较大,COPD和癌症病史较高.
- 在BRFSS和NCLSR群体中,平均5年肺癌风险明显高于NLST参与者.
- 如果没有进行查,就肺癌死亡的5年概率观察到类似的模式,NLST参与者的比例较低.
结论:
- 现实世界中的LCS群体比LCS试验参与者具有更高的肺癌风险因素和发病/死亡风险.
- 尽管吸烟暴露率相似,但登记群体的并发病率更高,这引发了对LCS危害的担忧.
- 在注册种群中基线风险较高,强调了持续LCS监测和评估的重要性.
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