两种抗炎反射的比较:平板和下垂体-上腺
Michael McKinley1, Song T Yao2, Davide Martelli3
1The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Australia; Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
Brain, behavior, and immunity
|September 5, 2025
概括
自主神经系统和上腺轴启动抗炎反应. 两者都抑制TNF,但对IL-10有相反的影响,揭示了它们在细胞因子平衡中的作用.
科学领域:
- 神经免疫学
- 内分泌学
- 炎症研究
背景情况:
- 自主神经系统和下垂体-上腺 (HPA) 轴是免疫反应的关键调节器.
- 系统性免疫挑战会触发由两种系统介导的抗炎反应.
- 了解这两个系统之间的相互作用对于管理炎症状况至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较自主神经系统和HPA轴的体内抗炎作用.
- 阐明这些途径在免疫挑战期间对细胞因子调节 (TNF和IL-10) 的独特贡献.
- 研究干扰这些反射对炎症标志物的独立和联合效应.
主要方法:
- 实验是在男性尿麻醉大鼠中进行的.
- 关键干预包括双侧神经切割和双侧上腺切除术.
- 使用静脉注射脂多糖 (LPS) 诱导了全身免疫挑战.
- 测量了瘤亡因子α (TNF) 和白素10 (IL-10) 的血水平.
主要成果:
- 禁用自主反射 (平板神经部分) 增加了TNF,并降低了对LPS的IL-10反应.
- 上腺切除术 (去除甲基胺和葡萄皮质类药物) 增加了TNF,但并没有增加IL-10反应.
- 自主反射和上腺皮质激素独立抑制TNF的产生.
- 这两种途径的同时破坏导致了TNF水平的增加.
- 葡萄糖皮质类药物被发现能积极抑制IL-10,而甲醇胺可能会增强它.
结论:
- 在免疫挑战期间,两种强有力的独立抗炎反应 (自主和HPA轴) 抑制TNF.
- 这些反射对IL-10产生相反的调控,影响整体细胞因子平衡.
- 这些发现突出了这些系统在调节炎症和抗炎性细胞因子的复杂双重作用.
相关概念视频
Hypothalamic-Pituitary Axis
61.6K
The response to stress—be it physical or psychological, acute or chronic—involves activation of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. The HPA axis is part of the neuroendocrine system because it involves both neuronal and hormonal communication. Its function is to regulate homeostatic systems—metabolic, cardiovascular, and immune—providing the necessary means to respond to a stressor.
61.6K
Physiological Foundation of Stress
156
Stress triggers a coordinated physiological response involving the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. This dual activation ensures that the body is prepared for both immediate and prolonged stress management. The process begins with the perception of a stressor. This initial phase activates the SNS, leading to the rapid release of adrenaline (epinephrine) from the adrenal glands.
Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System
Adrenaline triggers the...
Role of the Sympathetic Nervous System
Adrenaline triggers the...
156
Sympathetic Pathways: Collateral Ganglia and Adrenal Medulla
1.5K
The sympathetic pathways of the collateral ganglia and adrenal medulla serve unique but interconnected roles in the sympathetic response.
Collateral Ganglia
Sympathetic preganglionic axons reach the collateral ganglia along the route of splanchnic nerves. These nerves bypass the sympathetic trunk and communicate with sympathetic postganglionic neurons housed in the prevertebral ganglia. These ganglia supply the organs of the abdominopelvic cavity.
The greater splanchnic nerve, formed by the...
Collateral Ganglia
Sympathetic preganglionic axons reach the collateral ganglia along the route of splanchnic nerves. These nerves bypass the sympathetic trunk and communicate with sympathetic postganglionic neurons housed in the prevertebral ganglia. These ganglia supply the organs of the abdominopelvic cavity.
The greater splanchnic nerve, formed by the...
1.5K
Autonomic Nervous System
9.5K
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a critical component of the peripheral nervous system, primarily responsible for regulating involuntary bodily functions and maintaining homeostasis. It functions in tandem with the central nervous system (CNS) to seamlessly coordinate various physiological processes without the need for conscious control.
The ANS comprises two main divisions: the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. These divisions function antagonistically to maintain a dynamic...
The ANS comprises two main divisions: the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. These divisions function antagonistically to maintain a dynamic...
9.5K
Stress Response System
197
The stress response system, also known as the fight-or-flight response, is the body's automatic physiological reaction to perceived threats. Hans Selye introduced the concept of General Adaptation Syndrome (GAS) to describe the predictable pattern of changes that occur in response to stress. GAS consists of three sequential stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. This model helps explain how chronic stress can contribute to health problems.
Alarm stage
In the alarm stage, the body's...
Alarm stage
In the alarm stage, the body's...
197
Inflammatory Response
6.9K
An inflammatory response is a localized, nonspecific immune reaction that occurs when a tissue is injured. It is characterized by redness, swelling, heat, and pain, which are commonly called the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation. Inflammation can sometimes result in a loss of function.
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
Inflammation can be triggered by various stimuli, such as impact, abrasion, chemical irritation, infections, and extreme hot or cold temperatures. These can damage cells and connective tissue fibers,...
6.9K


