哺乳期不同阶段母乳中的胆度和成分:系统性审查和元分析
Mingjia Yang1,2, Yubo Zhou1,2,3, Shunzhe Wu1,2
1Institute of Reproductive and Child Health, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
Critical reviews in food science and nutrition
|September 6, 2025
概括
足够的胆摄入对于婴儿的健康至关重要. 人类牛奶中的胆含量因国家经济状况而异,从母乳增加到成熟的牛奶.
科学领域:
- 营养科学
- 人类哺乳
- 婴儿营养
背景情况:
- 胆对于婴儿的健康和发育至关重要.
- 人乳胆度对于婴儿配方奶粉的发育至关重要.
- 现有研究显示人乳胆含量存在显著的变化.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和分析母乳中的胆度.
- 探索影响胆水平的因素,包括牛奶类型和母乳/区域特征.
- 为婴儿提供足够的胆摄入量建议的数据.
主要方法:
- 在主要科学数据库 (PubMed,Embase,Web of Science,Scopus,CNKI) 进行系统的文献搜索,截至2025年8月.
- 包括1747名健康母亲在产后六个月内进行的研究.
- 应用三级元分析模型对总胆 (TC) 和水溶性胆 (WSC) 的汇总数据.
主要成果:
- 估计总胆 (TC) 度为126.2 mg/L (主要分析) 和134.2 mg/L (次要分析).
- 水溶性胆 (WSC) 约占TC的83. 3%.
- 从乳酪 (71.5 mg/L) 到过渡性 (152.2 mg/L) 和成熟的牛奶 (145.0 mg/L) 的TC显著增加.
- 各国的经济水平与测定方法和地理区域一起对TC度产生了重大影响.
结论:
- 在哺乳期,母乳中的胆含量遵循一个明显的模式,从牛奶增加到成熟的牛奶.
- 经济因素在决定母乳中的胆含量方面发挥着重要作用.
- 这些发现支持基于证据的婴儿营养和配方成分指南.
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