健康的饮食模式和类风湿性关节炎的风险:系统审查和元分析
Elena K Joerns1, Jeffrey A Sparks2, Cynthia J Chelf3
1Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic, 200 First St SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism
|September 6, 2025
概括
健康饮食模式显著降低了患类风湿性关节炎 (RA) 的风险. 这一系统性审查发现了连接抗炎和地中海饮食与减少RA发病率的一致证据.
科学领域:
- 风湿病学和免疫学
- 营养科学
- 流行病学
背景情况:
- 类风湿性关节炎 (RA) 是一种具有显著发病率的慢性自身免疫性疾病.
- 越来越多的人认为饮食模式是慢性疾病的潜在风险因素.
- 了解饮食和RA发病率之间的联系对于预防策略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和元分析健康饮食模式与发生性类风湿性关节炎 (RA) 风险之间的联系.
- 量化特定饮食的保护作用,包括抗炎,地中海,DASH和HEI模式,防止RA的发展.
主要方法:
- 在PROSPERO注册的系统审查和元分析 (CRD42025645056).
- 包括经过验证的饮食和RA定义,RA之前的饮食暴露,以及RCT,队列或病例对照研究.
- 在多个数据库 (CENTRAL,Embase,MEDLINE,Scopus,Web of Science) 和灰色文献中进行搜索.
- 使用纽卡斯尔-太华尺度评估偏差风险和使用GRADE证据的确定性.
主要成果:
- 包括12个病例控制和队列研究,其中8个是独立的.
- 整体健康的饮食模式与发生性RA的风险降低有关 (OR 0. 54,95% CI 0. 32- 0. 91).
- 特定的模式,如抗炎性 (OR 0. 56,95% CI 0. 31- 0. 99) 和地中海 (OR 0. 88,95% CI 0. 78- 0. 99) 也显示出保护作用.
结论:
- 观察性研究表明,健康饮食模式与发生性类风湿性关节炎的风险降低之间存在显著的关联.
- 证据的确定性被评为中等,主要是由于所包含的研究的观察性质.
- 这些发现支持促进健康饮食以预防RA.
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