美国东南部11个州规定的燃烧和紧急部门访问之间的PM2.5之间的关联
Jennifer D Stowell1, Kamal J Maji2, Zongrun Li3
1Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, 715 Albany Street, Boston, MA 02118, USA.
Environment international
|September 6, 2025
概括
处方火烟 (PFS) 暴露与非外部原因的急诊室访问增加,上呼吸道感染和缺血性心脏病. 这项研究强调了与野火烟雾健康影响相比的差异.
科学领域:
- 环境健康
- 流行病学
- 空气质量科学
背景情况:
- 越来越多的野火季节需要规定的焚烧等野火减灾策略.
- 规定的燃烧有助于空气污染,特别是PM2.5,对健康的影响比野火烟雾更少.
- 了解规定的消防烟雾对健康的影响对于评估其在消防管理中的作用至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在美国东南部居民中调查规定的烟雾 (PFS) 特定的PM2.5暴露与急诊室 (ED) 访问之间的联系.
- 量化ED访问与PFS暴露有关的各种健康结果的相对风险.
- 将PFS与野火烟雾 (WFS) 的健康影响进行比较.
主要方法:
- 美国东南部11个州的医疗保健索赔数据 (2013-2021年).
- 使用化学运输模型和数据融合估计的县级室外PM2.5度.
- 采用了时间分层的案例交叉设计,对共变量和非规定的PM2.5和O3进行调整.
主要成果:
- 特定于PFS的PM2.5暴露与非外部原因的ED访问的相对风险增加 (RR: 1. 01),上呼吸道感染 (RR: 1. 04) 和缺血性心脏病 (RR: 1. 06).
- 对于整体呼吸道结果,喘或COPD没有发现显著增加的风险.
- 在结果和人群子组之间观察到相对风险的变化,尽管在多次比较后没有统计学意义.
结论:
- 规定的烟雾暴露带来健康风险,包括因特定疾病而增加急诊次数.
- PFS对健康的影响可能与野火烟雾 (WFS) 不同,因此需要进一步进行直接比较研究.
- 这些发现强调了在消防管理策略和空气质量法规中考虑PFS对健康的影响的重要性.
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