空气污染和长期COVID:与COVID后3-15个月的肺功能和放射性异常相关
L Houweling1, J C S Holtjer2, L D Bloemsma3
1Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands; Dept. of Pulmonary Medicine, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam.
Environmental research
|September 6, 2025
概括
个人接触细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 与长期COVID患者的呼吸道异常有关. 这突显了空气污染
科学领域:
- 环境健康
- 肺病学
- 传染病流行病学
背景情况:
- 长期COVID与主观症状有关,但客观肺部健康影响需要进一步调查.
- 此前的研究还没有专门研究空气污染对长期COVID肺功能和成像的影响.
- 空气污染是呼吸系统疾病的已知危险因素,这表明可能与长期的COVID肺部后果有关.
研究的目的:
- 评估不同空气污染暴露方法对长期COVID患者肺功能和放射性异常的影响.
- 研究细颗粒物 (PM2.5),二氧化 (NO2),臭氧 (O3) 和粗颗粒物 (PM10) 与肺部健康结果之间的关联.
- 在后续评估中确定个人PM2.5暴露是否与特定的呼吸道异常有关.
主要方法:
- 招募了95名长期COVID患者 (感染后3-6个月),进行心力测量,一氧化碳扩散能力 (DLCO) 和胸部CT扫描.
- 通过土地利用回归模型和收集的住宅/个人PM2.5测量来确定环境空气污染水平.
- 对38名表现异常的患者进行了随访,以评估与空气污染暴露的变化和关联.
主要成果:
- 在初次检查时,没有发现住宅空气污染 (地理空间或测量) 与肺功能或CT异常之间的显著关联.
- 在第一次和第二次诊断期间,肺功能总体上有所改善.
- 在随访CT扫描中,个人增加的PM2.5暴露 (一个IQR增加) 与更高的呼吸道异常风险 (OR: 3.35) 和马赛克图案 (OR: 5. 74) 相关.
结论:
- 个人接触PM2.5与长期COVID患者的持续性呼吸道异常有关.
- 研究结果表明,空气污染导致长期COVID的客观肺损伤,而不是主观症状.
- 改善空气质量的缓解策略对于管理长期COVID呼吸道并发症至关重要.
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