在老年人中,静止状态的α功率与阳极tDCS对前额皮质动态平衡的强烈影响有关
1School of Business, Social and Decision Sciences, Constructor University Bremen, Constructor University, Campus Ring 1, Bremen 28759, Germany.
Gait & posture
|September 6, 2025
概括
在老年人中,通过背侧前额皮层 (DLPFC) 进行的经直流刺激 (a- tDCS) 比运动皮层 (M1) 刺激显著改善了动态平衡训练. 基线脑活动预测了个体对刺激的反应.
科学领域:
- 神经科学
- 老年学
- 康复科学
背景情况:
- 与年龄相关的平衡和认知功能下降增加了老年人的跌倒风险.
- 无创性脑刺激技术,如直流刺激 (a-tDCS) 显示了增强运动学习和认知训练的潜力.
- 对于改善老年人的动态平衡训练 (DBT) 的最佳刺激目标仍在研究中.
研究的目的:
- 将a- tDCS针对主运动皮层 (M1) 与背侧前额皮层 (DLPFC) 的有效性进行比较,以改善老年人DBT的表现.
- 评估 M1 和 DLPFC a-tDCS 对静态平衡任务的转移效应.
- 调查基线静止状态脑电图 (EEG) 是否可以预测训练结果和个人对刺激的反应.
主要方法:
- 一项涉及18名健康老年人的随机交叉研究.
- 参与者在三个条件下接受了DBT:M1 a-tDCS,DLPFC a-tDCS和假刺激.
- 在训练前和训练后评估静态平衡,并记录静态EEG以分析神经预测因子.
主要成果:
- 与M1或假条件相比,DLPFC刺激显著提高了动态平衡训练的性能.
- 观察到负面的转移效应,训练任务的改进并没有对未经训练的静态平衡进行概括.
- 在EEG中较低的基线α功率预测了DLPFC刺激带来的更大的训练效果,但在M1刺激带来的效果较低.
结论:
- 针对DLPFC的a-tDCS在增强老年人DBT方面比针对M1的a-tDCS更有效.
- 基线振荡性大脑活动,特别是α功率,可以作为个性化a-tDCS协议的生物标志物,以优化平衡训练结果.
- 未来的研究应该探索基于神经特征的个性化刺激策略, 以最大限度地提高老年人群的康复效益.
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